Wind Energy Has Experienced A Positive Growth Globally

Wind energy has experienced a positive growth globally as an alternative source of energy (Thresher Robinson, 2008). Also, it has been used for supplying the deficiency energy needed after the other forms of energy. Globally through innovation and invention, the wind energy has been used as a safe energy. It’s forecasted that the wind energy in the future will supply a significant amount of energy that is required globally. Through technological advancements, this growth of the wind energy is forecasted to continue. Wind energy is harnessed through the use of wind turbines that are used for the production of the energy. The presence of areas in the world that experience strong winds, the wind energy can be harnessed easily through the†¦show more content†¦This will be of paramount important as it will help in improving the living standards of the population and future generations. As compared to the other parts of the world, Africa is found to have a shortage of ener gy as compared to the other countries in the world. Many countries in Africa lack the adequate resources necessary for harnessing the wind energy. Support from the first world countries, the World Bank, and the non-governmental organizations help to start the projects in assistance to the African countries (Monforti, 2011). Historically, wind energy was not used widely. The few individuals who invested in wind energy used it for a pump of water and posho-mills. This shows how the world has evolved with increasing requirement of energy. The initial production of energy that includes production using water, coal among other sources, the energy is not sufficient with new developments and inventions to the use of wind energy. When compared to hydro-electric energy, wind energy is not seasonal. In the arid and semi-arid areas, wind energy can be produced in large scale because of the lack of water that can be used for the production of hydro-electric energy. Hydro-electric energy may not be available at all times due to the change in climatic conditions. In both wet and dry periods, wind energy is always available as for the production requires high-velocity winds.Show MoreRelatedThe Allocation Of Funds Is An Ongoing Debate1673 Words   |  7 Pagesother areas of life? We compared spending in various countr ies to determine if there is a relationship between defense spending and growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Our research did confirm that there is a relationship between the two variables. The causality was either unidirectional or bidirectional. Defense spending either resulted in GDP growth, or GDP growth resulted in defense spending in fifty-four of the sixty-five countries reviewed. 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Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible Free Essays

The Salem Witch trials caused a lot of hysteria in history, during 1692. The town of Salem is located in Massachusetts. The hysteria was drawn from the beliefs of witches, witchcraft and black magic. We will write a custom essay sample on Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible or any similar topic only for you Order Now The topics of witches, witchcraft and black magic have been questioned for many centuries. These questions have been dated all the way back to B. C. times. There have been writings in The Bible about people saying that others have been seen performing witchcraft and are in need of being saved by God. There has been suspicion of witchcraft with the Egyptians, Native Americans, the Elizabethan Age, and Medieval times. Witchcraft and black magic can be described and seen in two ways. First, it can be looked upon as a religion of the ancient and traditional worships of the feminine, earthly, and amazing aspects of God which is considered a heresy. Secondly, it goes against the beliefs of the Christian Church. Witches and witchcraft are considered evil and are seen as making pacts, deals or connections with the Devil. It is not a coincidence that the first official witch trial took place in Massachusetts. A witch trial is when a person is accused of being a witch; they will then have to go to court to be testified to be seen guilty or innocent by a judge. This first witch trial happened in 1648, to a woman named Margaret Jones. The man who accused her was John Winthrop. He was governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony at the time. His reason for accusing Margaret of being a witch was because anyone who touched Margaret was taken with deafness, vomiting, sickness or pains. She was seen practicing physics, which women were not allowed to be learning about at the time. Also, anyone who she tried to help got worse and she foretold events that came true. The main reason why Winthrop accused her was because he was getting questioned about his authority by Margaret. Since she was a woman and was questioning him, he thought the best way to get rid of her was to send her to jail for being a â€Å"witch†. This became a common act used among many people in Salem to send the ones they hate to jail or even to death. The town of Salem is very small. Information and rumors can be spread around very quickly. This became a main factor of how hysteria started. There was a Native American who was a slave to the Parris family, her name was Tituba. She soon began to create a chain known as Tituba’s Circle. This circle was her way of spreading stories about the supernatural. She would perform and teach tricks, spells, voodoo and chants to young Puritan girls. In the Puritan religion it is forbidden to ever be practicing witchcraft. Two girls who were in this chain were Betty Parris, nine years old, and Abigail Williams, eleven years old. Abigail was Betty’s cousin and Tituba was Betty’s slave. The two girls all of a sudden started showing odd signs in their behaviors. 1) excruciating sensations of â€Å"pricking† or â€Å"pinching† (as by numberless pins and nails), also of â€Å"burning† (by invisible flames); (2)bizarre contortions of body parts: twisting, stretching, usual postures of extreme rigidity and limberness by turns; (3) frenzied motor activity: rolling on the ground, running about aimlessly, simulated â€Å"flying† and â€Å"diving†; occasional â€Å"barking† or other animal imitation; some impulse to injury or self or others; (4) periods of extreme immobility, amounting to paralysis; feelings of extraordinary pressure on the chest; (5) anorexia: more or less complete inhibitions of eating; (6) occasional forced consumption of invisible liquids when overpowered by the witch; (7) â€Å"frolicsome† intervals, mostly without pain; cavorting in a â€Å"ludicrous† way, babbling impertinent nonsense; insults and gestures of physical assault toward bystanders, friends, and family(Rice, 24) These conditions were rarely seen by doctors. There were no medicines to cure their behaviors, so they were diagnosed with witchcraft. They were thought to be under the hands of the devil. The girls received long periods of complete silence, lasting hours or days, to calm the girls down. Now a day with the knowledge of doctors, these behaviors can be diagnosed as anxiety and can possibly be caused by being sexually abused or beaten. Discrimination played a major part in the Salem Witch Trials. Most accusations were made upon old women. Betty and Abigail called upon two women, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne to be witches. They said that they were seen to be in company with the devil and were sending their spirits to hurt them. The town believed them because Sarah Good was 39 but looked the age of 70. She had long gray hair, a raspy voice, winkled face and was seen smoking a pipe a lot. She was married two times, her first husband died and her second husband became poor after their marriage. The town’s people believed she caused both of her marriages to fail. Sarah Osborne was 69, widowed and had not been to the Puritan church for three years. The first execution in Salem was to a woman of 71, Rebecca Nurse. She was a well-respected woman in the town and was also a devoted member of the Puritan church. She had acquired land from the Putnam family, but a rival over its ownership started to occur. Ann Putnam accused Rebecca of being a witch out of spite to get her family’s land back. This led Rebecca to be put on trial. At first, she was proven innocent, but then Ann Putnam said that Rebecca tried again to send her spirit out. This time Rebecca was found guilty. On July 19th she was hung. The people in the town were getting over paranoid. People were accusing others left and right. If someone was seen either mumbling to themselves, having an eccentric behavior, having a dispute with the Parris family, not going to church, going to a different church, speaking a different language, having connections to the previous Indian war, or expressing support for a recently accused witch then they were now being accused of witchcraft. Nineteen people were accused of witchcraft and were hung. They were hung at Gallows Hill from the month of June to August. Some of the ways people would try to get out of death for being accused as a witch were to flee Salem, accuse someone else, try to get pregnant or fake a pregnancy, confess even if innocent, plead innocent at trial or refuse to stand for a trial. Getting pregnant or faking a pregnancy would give someone a year to live to have the baby and hope that the hysteria would be over. The confession of being a witch even if innocent actually didn’t lead to death, just being sentenced to life in jail. The plead for innocence would be to hope that the judge would see you innocent. Out of the nineteen people hung, five of them were males. George Burroughs, John Willard, George Jacobs, John Proctor and Giles Corey were all convicted. The court was also getting out of hand and having inappropriate behavior. The men didn’t have the suspicion of being witches, like the woman. They went against the court to try and prove innocence for the accused and because of that they were convicted. Finally on October 3rd, Governor Phipps in a sermon to other ministers, showed evidence that the witch trials should end. The court was dissolved and was not allowed to have any more witch trials. Property of the accused was given back. Those who were already found guilty were pardoned. The remaining accused were tried and then found innocent. In Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible, there are many similarities to the Salem Witch Trials. The play is based on the people and the events of the Salem Witch Trials. The play shows how the town’s people were getting consumed by the thought of witchcraft. It displays how people were going behind each other’s backs to get revenge. It also demonstrates how the people acted in the court. Since The Crucible is a drama there are some parts that are not true. There was no incidence where a whole bunch of young girls were dancing in the woods. Abigail was not seventeen and did not have an affair with John Proctor. In conclusion, the hysteria during the Salem Witch Trials led to nineteen deaths. The want for revenge went to an extreme. Many innocent people were convicted without being properly heard, and their deaths came too soon. The Salem Witch Trials will never be forgotten or go unnoticed. They will forever be a reminder that no one will ever die again convicted as a witch in the United States. How to cite Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible, Essay examples

Division 8 Of The ITAA 1997 Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Division 8 Of The ITAA 1997. Answer: In conformity with the Division 8 of the ITAA 1997 a guiding principles has been laid down that has associations with deductions of outlay and losses (Coleman, Sadik, 2013). The division is helpful in assisting the difference between the normal deductions with reference to discussion that is made in Section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. The division further lay down the guidance with reference to the specific deductions that is made under Section 8-5 of the ITAA 1997 and a claim can be bought forward that deductions associated to the loss or outlay that has occurred concerning the; Generating any form of assessable income Outlay or expenses having associations with the business operations of the taxpayers To claim a particular type of deductions produced from the taxable income a taxpayer is offered with the opportunity of claiming such outlay with regard to Section 8-5 of the ITAA 1997 (Grange et al., 2014). From the current matter of Ram it has been found that the he had incurred expenses in the form of tax agent fees and solicitor fees that possess the feature of allowable deductions. In conformity with the Section 25-5 of the ITAA 1997 cost incurred at the time of management of tax affairs will be accounted as the deductions that are allowable. Hence, a taxpayer while filing for the tax return can bring forward the claim of gaining assessable deductions relating to the cost that has occurred at the time of accounting and fees from the tax agent (James, 2015). It is observed from the situation of Ram that he has incurred an expense on the solicitor fees for bringing forward the opposition against the assessment. With reference to the evidence that has been laid down under Para 11 of the Taxation Ruling 2011/5 a person can object on the cause of not being satisfied with the assessment of tax stated in Section 175A (1) of the ITAA 1936. As laid down under the Interpretive Decision 2002/814, it states the issues that is connected with the subject of allowable deductions for the expenses that originates from the disagreement of the legal oraccounting fees associated with tax authorities (Jover, 2014). With reference to the current case study of Ram, he can claim the permissible deductions of legal expense on solicitor fees andaccounting fees in respect to Section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. In conformity with Section 955-1 of the ITAA 1997 the definition of the term resident has been defined that explains a person to be regarded as inhabitant of Australia for the purpose of taxation (Kenny, 2013). In agreement with the Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997 the description of resident and the primary test involved in ascertaining the residency of the individual has been defined. Para 32 of the Taxation Ruling 98/17 defines that a individual will be regarded as the habitant of Australia which is in agreement with the Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997. In order to ascertain the residential status of the individual, a residency test is performed with reference to Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997. The test is stated below; Residential status with respect to the ordinary concept Domicile Test 183 days test; and Superannuation test In the present context Tina is considered to be an overseas student that has come to Brisbane for the educational purpose and will be treated as the inhabitant of Australia with respect to the ordinary concept (Krever, 2013). An individual or a person is not regarded as the inhabitant of Australia with respect to the ordinary concept then the statutory test is applied in knowing the occupancy status. Therefore, on satisfying the conditions of the primary test an individual shall be considered as the occupant of Australia. As defined under the Domicile Act 1982 an individual having a permanent place of abode in Australia will be treated as the Australia resident for the purpose of tax (Morgan et al., 2013). Apart from this, the rule of 183 days test, defines that a person shall be treated as the Australian resident if the person has been present in Australia either on regular basis or in breaks. The superannuation test is simultaneously put into effect in order to know that an individual is an employee of the government of Australia working in an international; project. The law furthermore provides that an individual taxpayer would be treated as the inhabitant of Australia if an individual is enrolled in Australia university for educational course having a duration of no less than six months (Sadiq et al., 2014). As evident from the existing scenario of Tina, it is observed that she enrolled arrived in Brisbane for educational purpose with her period of stay was for more than 183 days. It can be concluded that Tina will be treated as the resident of Australia under section 995-1 of the ITAA 1997. Any individual being an occupant of Australia shall be taken into the considerations for the purpose of taxation in agreement with the Section 4-15 of the ITAA 1997 (Milton et al., 2013). From the given section there has been evidence that for an individual assessable income is derived by deducting the expenses that has been incurred and are allowed in the form of permissible deductions from the assessable income. From the given circumstances it is observed that assessable income has been defined under the section 6-5 of the ITAA as the ordinary income. As defined under section 6-10 of the ITAA 1997 incomes that does not falls under the theory of the ordinary concept are then regarded as the statutory income. It can be determined that Jimmy in the current situation has produced income from his employment from the restaurant and will be accounted as the ordinary income (Woellner, 2013). Therefore, it can be ascertained that such income produced by Jimmy will be liable for tax in confo rmity with the Section 6-5 of the ITAA 1997. It is also found that tips has been received by Jimmy that is given to him by customers visiting the restaurant and it is taken into the account as incentive because it has direct relation with the employment income. This will be considered in the assessable income for assessment purpose. In addition to this, Jimmy additionally received a gift of $250 is treated as the income that will be considered for assessment and will be included in his tax return (Woellner et al., 2014). It is must be understood that there certain income which is obligatory for the taxpayer to include in the assessable income since they form the part of the exempted income and are not included in the taxable income of the taxpayer under Section 6-20 of the ITAA 1997. For an individual taxpayer gift are not included in the taxable income but however receiving such kind of gift as the part of the business activity or it is derived from the revenue producing activity then will be included in the taxable income. In addition to this, gifts that are given by parents are not included in the taxable income in view of the fact that they are not connected with the income producing activity (Pinto, 2011). In conformity with the Taxation ruling TR 97/17 food and drink that is provided to the employee from the employer is treated as the meal entertainment will be included in the fringe benefit tax. From the above stated discussion it can be defined that the benefit that is offered to Jimmy from his company is accounted as the fringe benefit. The employer will also be entitled to bring forward the claim of the permissible deductions for the expenditure that is incurred by the workers. It is noteworthy to denote that the Jimmy produced taxable income from his employment and the benefit provided for food and meal will be included in the fringe benefit provided to him under employment from his employment. It can be concluded that the fringe benefit of the dinner provide to him be included in the taxable income. Below stated is the computation of the taxable income. An individual taxpayer in accordance with the Taxation Ruling of the TR 93/30 can bring forward the claim of the allowable deductions arising out of the home office spending. The ruling specifically lay down the following principles; When the portion of the home taken by the individual into the considerations relating to the personal educational purpose On circumstances when the portion of the home is understood as the place of business Any occurrence of deductions arising out repairs can be claimable under section 20-10 As it is understood from the Taxation Ruling of the TR 93/30 expenditure that is associated with the taxpayer home are in conformity with the above defined ruling will be accounted as the domestic or private character and will not be eligible as deductions at the time of computing the taxable income. Nonetheless, there is some kind of exceptions to such kind of rule where a fraction of the home that is put into the use for the purpose of the producing income and having the aspects of the business (Braithwaite, 2017). Considering such circumstances the occurrence of outlay of using home as office and incurring expenditure on rent, interest and repairs will be considered partially for deductions. In context of the above stated discussion the viewpoint has been supported in the Swinford v FC of T (1984) given that the part of house possessing the aspects of business character will be considered for acceptable deductions (Miller Oats, 2016). With reference to the above defined scenario, an argument can be put forward by stating that the spending can be allowed as permissible deductions relating to the expenditure that is occurred from the home office purpose. References Braithwaite, V. (Ed.). (2017).Taxing democracy: Understanding tax avoidance and evasion. Routledge. Coleman, C., Sadiq, K.Principles of taxation law 2013. Grange, J., Jover-Ledesma, G., Maydew, G.2014 principles of business taxation. James, M.Taxation of small businesses 2014/15. Jover-Ledesma, G. (2014).Principles of business taxation 2015. [Place of publication not identified]: Cch Incorporated. Kenny, P. (2013).Australian tax 2013. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Krever, R. (2013).Australian taxation law cases 2013. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Miller, A., Oats, L. (2016).Principles of international taxation. Bloomsbury Publishing. Morgan, A., Mortimer, C., Pinto, D. (2013).A practical introduction to Australian taxation law. North Ryde [N.S.W.]: CCH Australia. Pinto, D. (2011). State taxes. InAustralian Taxation Law(pp. 1763-1762). CCH Australia Limited. Sadiq, K., Coleman, C., Hanegbi, R., Jogarajan, S., Krever, R., Obst, W., Ting, A.Principles of taxation law 2014. The taxpayers' guide 2013 2014. (2013). Milton, Qld. Woellner, R. (2013).Australian taxation law 2012. North Ryde [N.S.W.]: CCH Australia. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C., Pinto, D.Australian taxation law 2014.

Organic Architecture Essays - Architecture, Wisconsin,

Organic Architecture Worldwide notoriety is a comment that would suggest Frank Lloyd Wright and the architecture that he left behind. This legendary American architect started a style of organic structures that remains a roadmap for the people of his genera today. His greatness not only remains by the buildings that he left behind, but through his school that he along with his wife started and his philosophy about designing. As a young child, Wright developed these characteristics that made him the artist that he was. At a young age in 1885, Wright's parents were unhappy with their marriage so they got a divorce (turner 400). A very unusual thing for that day and time, the divorce caused much pain for the family. Wright's mother dearly loved her only child and provided him with the characteristics necessary when approaching design with his philosophy. When asked if he knew what he wanted to be when he was younger, Wright responded by telling the man that his goal was to always be an architect ever since when at a young age he was given his first tinker toy building blocks. Even though some may chuckle at the validity of such a statement, Wright was serious and believed that through the little toys he was inspired to change a profession. As a young man, Wright studied engineering for only two terms at the University of Wisconsin. This was the beginning of the rest of his life as an architect. He earned a position as the chief draftsmen for the Adler Losing this job due to technical contracts that forbid him to sell his own drafts outside of the company. This was a blessing in a way because of the fact that Louis Sullivan was well respected and celebrated as an architect himself. Had Wright stayed he may have been shadowed under Sullivan. Being able to leave this shadow enabled him to create some of the greatest and most beautiful structures in the world. One of these, is the house built for the Kaufmanns family in Bear Run Pennsylvania. Properly called ?Falling Water? the structure rests in the middle of the woods right on top of a stream. The amazing thing about the way that this structure was designed is that although it rests in the middle of a wooded area, the enormous house looks and feels like it belongs. Just as the large expanse of rock that the structure sits on was worn away by the water over hundreds of years, the house too by design looks to have been their for milleniums and just happened to wear away out of the earth. Through the colors and material that was used on the construction of this habitat there is no sense of out of place to go along with this house. This house fits the philosophy of the great Wright. In architecture, it was Wright's vision to create everything so that it went well with the natural surroundings. He called this organic architecture. This was the basis by which all of his work was done. So many people wanted to be taught in this fashion of creating things, and Wright wanted to learn from others. From this, he created the Taliesin Fellowship. Out in the desert, a group of apprentices and he collaborated and learned from each other along with constructing all of the buildings by themselves and growing food. This institution became a community of all people with the same passion as Frank Lloyd Wright. In 1959 the aged Wright passed away at the Taliesin Fellowship headquarters. Although this was the end for the man, the reputation lives on and continues to astonish and amaze the world of architecture.

Residency Requirements For Congress - Weird Details

Residency Requirements For Congress - Weird Details The residency requirements for Congress contain one of the most unusual quirks in American politics. And that is: You dont even have to live in a congressional district to be elected to serve in that House of Representatives seat. In fact, nearly two dozen members in the 435-member  House live outside of their congressional districts, according to published reports. How can that be? Is it a flaw in the residency requirements for Congress spelled out in the U.S. Constitution? Shouldnt representatives elected to a House seat actually live in the same district with the people who elected them, just like elected members of your local, state and federal government offices are required to live in the municipalities they represent? What the Constitution Says If you want to run for the House of Representatives, you must be at least 25 years old, a citizen of the United States for at least seven years and be an Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen,† according to the  Article I, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution.   And thats it. Theres nothing in there that requires a member of the House to live within his districts boundaries. Notably Few Hurdles The Constitution placed notably few hurdles between ordinary citizens and becoming a member of the U.S. House of Representatives. The founders wanted the House to be the legislative chamber closest to the people - the least restrictive on age, citizenship, and the only federal office at the time subject to frequent popular election, states the House Office of History, Art Archives. Members of the House are elected every two years, and generally, their re-election rate is very high. The Speaker of the House Doesnt Have to Be a Member Oddly enough, the Constitution doesnt even require the highest-ranking officer of the House  - the speaker  - to be a member. When Speaker John Boehner stepped down the from the post in 2015, several pundits made the case that the House should bring in an outsider, even a dynamic (some would say  bombastic) voice such as Donald Trump or former Speaker Newt Gingrich, to lead the disparate factions of the Republican Party.   Open to Merit of Every Description James Madison, writing in the Federalist Papers, stated: â€Å"Under these reasonable limitations, the door of this part of the federal government is open to merit of every description, whether native or adoptive, whether young or old, and without regard to poverty or wealth, or to any particular profession of religious faith.† Residency Requirements for Serving in the U.S. Senate The rules for serving in the U.S. Senate are a bit tighter in that they require members to live in the state they represent. U.S. senators are not elected by districts, though, and represent their entire state. Every state elects two people to serve in the Senate. The Constitution also requires members of the Senate to be at least 30 years old and a citizen of the United States for at least nine years. Legal Challenges and State Laws The U.S. Constitution does not address residency requirements for local elected officials or members of state legislatures. It leaves the matter up to the states themselves; most require elected municipal and legislative officials to live in the districts where they were elected. States cannot, however, enact laws requiring members of Congress to live in the districts they represent because state law cannot supersede the Constitution. In 1995,  for example, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that qualifications clauses were intended to preclude the states from exercising any [power over Congressional requirements] and, as a result, the Constitution fix[es] as exclusive the qualifications in the Constitution. At that time, 23 states had established term limits for their members of Congress; the Supreme Court decision made them null and void. Subsequently, federal courts struck down residency requirements in California  and Colorado. [This article was updated in September 2017 by Tom Murse.]

40 Social Media Marketing Tips Every Marketer Should Know

40 Social Media Marketing Tips Every Marketer Should Know Ever feel like social media marketing can be, well, overwhelming? Believe us, we get it. Its a fast-moving industry, and with so much to learn and do, its easy to feel like youre falling behind. Thats why weve pulled together this list of our top 40 social media marketing tips. Its your easily skimmable go-to guide  thats full of actionable advice you can implement right now. Plus, weve included 12 free templates, guides, and infographics to help you put this advice into action. Add this page to your bookmarks and start learning! 40 Social Media Marketing Tips Every Marketer Needs To KnowGet Your Social Media Marketing Template Bundle Get more done with 12 free different templates! Heres everything your bundle includes: Social Media Content Calendar Template: Keep track of every social media post your team needs to publish. Best Times to Post on Social Media Infographic with the best times to post on every channel. Guide To LinkedIn Marketing Infographic: Packed full of stats about your favorite networking channel. Social Media Budget Template: To disperse and keep track of funding. Social Media ROI Report Template: that will walk you through how to use Google Analytics to find out how much money youre making for every post you publish. Facebook Marketing Strategy Template: To break down how youre going to use one of the worlds most popular social networks. Social Media Competitive Analysis Template: To observe and record your competitors strategies. Social Media Report Template: To track and prove how well your teams efforts are working. Social Media Proposal Template: To help you format your services and convince clients to work with your team. Social Media Strategy Guide: To help your team develop a plan of action for your social networks. How Often to Post on Social Media Infographic: that breaks down the best practices for publishing content on each social channels. Social Media Policy Template: To help outline social network expectations for your employees and deal with an emergency situation.Table of Contents Effective Facebook Marketing Tips To Get Traffic Build Traffic With These Twitter Marketing Tips Google+ Marketing Tips To Build Traffic Build Your Brand With These Instagram Marketing Tips Pinterest Marketing Tips To Get More Traffic Build Traffic With These LinkedIn Marketing Tips DID YOU KNOW: It's easy to plan, execute, and measure all your social media campaigns on one marketing calendar using ? Start your free 14-day trial or schedule a demo today. Effective Facebook Marketing Tips 1. Optimize Your Profile Picture and Cover Photo The first step for any marketing team using Facebook is creating an optimized profile picture and cover photo. Your profile picture should be: A high-resolution photo of your company's logo. Sized down to a 180px x 180px square. Still be recognizable viewing it on a mobile or tablet device. Remember your profile picture is the first thing that your audience sees in their newsfeed. Your logo should still be distinguishable in a small size. Your cover photo should be: Within the same theme as your profile picture. Should tell a more comprehensive story about who your organization is. This could be through taglines, product photos more. Sized correctly to allow your audience to see the full photo. Right now the optimum size for a cover photo (or video) on Facebook is 815px x 215px. Recommended Reading: The Best Guide to Social Media Image Sizes Every Marketer Needs 2. Fill Out Your Facebook Bio There are no shortcuts when it comes to your social media marketing.  That means you need to fill out your Facebook bio. A business's Facebook bio is broken into multiple parts including: About Section The first part of your Facebook profile is easy to fill out. It should include your company name, when your organization was founded, a phone number and email for people to contact you and a link to your website. Additional Information There is a section in your Facebook profile that will allow you to give your audience more information about your organization. This part of your bio should include a short "About Us" paragraph, a founding date, and information about the products and services your company offers. You can also add information on your privacy policy and any awards your company has received: Story Section The final part of your bio should include a story. The story section allows you to go in-depth about what makes your organization tick. You can break down product information, go deeper into how your company got started or add anything else that you think your audience needs to know when they're first learning about your organization: Here's how to optimize your business's #Facebook page.3. Set a Consistent Posting Schedule Consistently posting to your Facebook page helps get your audience into a rhythm. If they see that you share new content on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays at noon, it will help remind them to check in. According to 14 different studies, you should be posting to Facebook at least once per day: 4. Schedule Your Posts at the Optimum Time Facebook's algorithm makes it difficult for companies to reach their full audience because newsfeeds are continually reshuffling content and limiting the organic reach of your company's post. To maximize the life of your content, you should schedule your posts to publish at the best time. According to our research, we found that scheduling your posts at 9 am, 1 pm and 3 pm will give your content the best chance at attracting more eyeballs: You can either manually schedule your social media posts to send at the best times, or you can use the Best Time Scheduling feature in to publish your posts at the best time automatically: To use Best Time Scheduling, craft a social post in your calendar: Then scroll down to the bottom of your post and select  Best Time  from the drop-down menu: It's that easy. Did you know @can auto-publish all your social posts at the best times?5. Use Video To Attract Your Audience Tons of advice try and tell you what the best content type is for posting on Facebook. It ranges between images, videos, and links. Here's the truth. As of 2017 videos are the most reliable type of content that your team can publish. Why? Because the current Facebook algorithm pushes them to the top of your audience's newsfeed. Let's not forget Facebook just launched "Facebook Watch" a host platform that allows users to upload video series instead of only stand-alone videos: Introducing Watch Posted by Facebook on Wednesday, August 9, 2017 In a nutshell, your team needs to: Start with a big idea: What topic are your videos going to be centered around? Plan your shooting schedule and write your script. Create a video distribution schedule. Define your publishing and promotion schedule. Recommended Reading: How to Do Facebook Video Marketing the Right Way 6. Use Facebook Advertising To Boost The Reach of Your Posts If you want to guarantee you'll have eyeballs on your content you need to use Facebook advertising and boosted posts. Those eyeballs don't come cheap, and it's up to your social team to determine how much money you're willing to spend to get your posts in front of people. Check out this video from Hubspot to see how Facebook advertising works: If your team decides that Facebook advertising is the way to go, you'll need to: Determine your target audience. Set a budget. Create guidelines for what types of content you're going to boost. Set goals and choose metrics that will determine the success of your boosted posts. Recommended Reading: How to Set SMART Marketing Goals 7. Target The Right Audience Using Facebook's In-App Targeting Features Did you know that you can control who sees your ads based on their demographics? Facebook offers a feature that allows you to create a target demographic and push your content onto their feeds. Before this feature, you used to have to manually create your targeted ad demographics every time you wanted to publish a new ad. Now you can segment your audience and deliver the right content and the right time to help drive your customers deeper into your marketing funnel. Here's a quick video that walks you through how to set up your audiences: You can also use to create custom target audiences straight from the app. To do this start by creating a Facebook message in your calendar by clicking the  +  sign inside a date and select  Social Message: Click the target in the lower left-hand corner and begin selecting the demographics that you want your intended audience to be filtered by: Save your target audience to use on future posts by selecting  +Save Current As Preset. Title your target audience sample and click apply: will take care of the rest. Recommended Reading: 35 Facebook Marketing Tips to Drive Better Results Right Now Back To Table Of Contents Use These Twitter Marketing Tips To Get More Done 8. How To Use Hashtags On Twitter Correctly Hashtags make it easier for your audience to find your content and since Twitter is the birthplace of hashtags, you'll want to use them correctly. Hashtags fall into three categories: Branded: These are hashtags that are specific to your organization. Industry: These hashtags focus on industry topics and trends. Trending: These hashtags are centered around news related topics and will change quickly. Our advice? Mix up the types of hashtags you use in your posts and stick to using 1–2 hashtags  per tweet. If you're looking to do some hashtag research check out these sources: Hashtags.org Twubs.com Tagdef.com Hashtagify 9. Keep Your Messages Short Twitter may have just extended the length of a tweet to 280 characters but just because you have that space doesn't mean you should use it. According to our research, the best length for a tweet is 103 characters. However, this research was conducted before Twitter expanded its character limit. That means that your posts should be: Concise: Get straight to the point of what you want to say. Clear: Does what you're trying to say make sense? Conversational: Your tweets should encourage your audience to engage with you. Here are some other tips to follow when you're crafting your Twitter messages: Recommended Reading: https://.com/blog/social-media-content-creation/ 10. Don't Automate Your Direct Messages (Ever) My biggest pet peeve is when I follow someone on Twitter, and almost immediately my inbox goes off, and a canned message appears thanking me for following said person. Automated direct messages come across as impersonal, annoying and lazy. You don't want your organization to be any of those things. If you want to reach out to a new Twitter follower, be sincere about it. Try using this template to start: "Hi, [Username]. We noticed that you just started following us on Twitter. We wanted to say thank you. If you need anything, reach out and let us know." 11. Use GIFs Wisely The latest "thing" that companies are creating to get people to interact with them is to write a random relatable quote and slap a GIF on it. While that may have worked the first five times, now every company out there is trying it and when you're already trying to stand out in a crowded feed, following what everyone else is doing will get you nowhere. If your team decides that GIFs will be a part of your Twitter strategy do the following: Decide what types of posts need to have a GIF. What types of GIFs are appropriate for your organization to use. How often your teams can use GIFs per day. When using a GIF is appropriate. 12. Post At The Best Times On Twitter The lifespan of a tweet is about 18 minutes. That means you have an 18-minute window to gather the most views on your content. How do you do that? You want to post at the times when your followers are on. Here is when to tweet in general to increase retweets and click-throughs: Around 5–6 p.m. Noon specifically 3 p.m. Best times to Tweet is around 5–6 p.m., around noon, and at 3 p.m. #marketing13. Use Twitter Lists To Help Curate Content Want to know one of the hacks to keeping up a steady stream of Twitter content? Curate content from your Twitter lists. A Twitter list is a list of users that a person has added into a specific group that will generate a feed of content from only those selected accounts. These are great for when you're following a bunch of thought leaders in your industry and need some awesome content to share in a hurry. If you want to learn how to create a Twitter list check out this video: Once you've created your lists you can scroll through those select feeds and begin to curate content. However, don't just read a headline and add the article or video to your publishing schedule. Follow these three steps before you add any content to your publishing schedule: Read the entire article. A headline does not tell you all the information that is included in the content. Take the time to actually read the content before you share it. Check to make sure that the information referenced is coming from a reliable source. It's easy to skim content and share it but if they information that you share with your followers isn't accurate it can damage your own creditability, so share wisely. Give credit to the content owners. No one likes having their worked swiped from them so be sure to give credit where credit is due. 14. Use Images To Grab People's Attention On Twitter Adding images and graphics to your tweets will get you 18% more clicks. When tweeting a link to your latest blog post, use one of the images from the post to help drive more clicks on the shared link. The image should relate directly to the subject of your blog post, which should help incentivize people to click. Here are some general guidelines for using images on Twitter: Make sure you use images in every  tweet. Stick to using images that are 440 x 220px Back To Table Of Contents Google+ Marketing Tips That Will Help You Get More Done 15. Create Headlines For Your Posts The more users notice your Google+ posts, the more likely they are to engage. Not only does adding a headline help your post stand out, but Google uses the first words of your Google + post to  help it stand out in the Google searches. Adding the right headline can help your post stand out in search results, and can greatly influence the number of people who both notice and click through to your content. –Cyrus Shepard, formerly of Moz Here is an example of a Google+ headline: 16. Use Big Images To Capture Your Audience's Attention Over at Quicksprout, Neil Patel said this about images: The bigger, the better! Take advantage of the technology in web design and monitors and use big and bold images. That's one great thing about Google +. You can take advantage of those big pictures. Here are a couple of general tips for using images effectively on Google+: Use images with the .png format rather than the .jpg format to make sure you have high clarity. Stick to using images that are 426 x 255px. 17. Post At The Best Times  On Google+ You are completely missing out on traffic to your content if you aren't posting at the best times for click-throughs. Here is when to post on Google+ for more click-throughs: 9 a.m. 11 a.m. 12–1  p.m. Best times to post on Google + is at 9 a.m., 11 a.m., and from 12-1 p.m. #marketing18. Use Communities To Build Traffic Blogger Tips Tricks  said, "Google Plus has highly active, close-knit communities which can give you massive exposure.  Some of these groups have more than 100K members and have high chances of getting significant traffic if you post valuable posts." So, if you aren't on Google+ Communities with a significant amount of members, you're missing out. This thorough step-by-step video will help when looking for Google+ Communities: 19. Create Circles With Your Connections Creating Circles with other people is a super easy way to grow your Google+ following base and bring traffic to your content. You can create circles for your work, groups you are a part of, location, industry, and even for your niche. Say you want to add someone to a circle. Press follow: You'll be able to pick which circle you want to add them to: Having connections in your circles will help you grow traffic  by creating relationships. 20. Create Collections To Help People Find Your Content Easier Having collections makes it easy to organize all your content. You can share your collections publicly, or you can keep them private. When you create your first few collections, you'll see this: Click Create a collection. Name your collection here. After naming your collection,  press Create: Then you will be brought here: When you click on the pen icon, you will  be able to write up your collection post, add a link, image, and even a video. Collections give your audience an excellent way to find more content on the topics they love. Back To Table Of Contents Instagram Marketing Tips To Boost Your Strategy 21. Switch Over to a Business Profile If your organization's Instagram profile isn't a business profile yet, you are missing out on potential data. Instagram business profiles allow your team to optimize your profile, add contact information and your website into the bio section making it much easier for your audience to interact and connect with you. To switch over to a business profile, click the setting on your Instagram page: Scroll down to  Switch to Business Profile: Flip the switch, and you're done. DID YOU KNOW: Once you have an account set up, you can schedule all your Instagram posts using ? See how here. 22. Keep Your Photos Styled Within One Color Scheme Keep your Instagram profile uniform by keeping your photos within one color scheme. Not only does keeping them in this palette make it easier for fans to recognize your photos it creates a more cohesive profile. From my own experiences, I can tell you that your photo IS important but so is the look of your Instagram feed as a whole. Creating a cohesive feed helps bring the tone of your brand across without having to say a word (literally). How do you know what type of color scheme to use? Use the color scheme that is consistent with your brand. That means that you can pull colors from your logo or other branding materials. You may need to pull out your branding book or talk with your designers to find out what those colors are. If you don't have your branding developed yet think about the tone that you want your brand to convey. If you're a fashion and style brand use bold bright colors like Instagram user @rclayton: Her fashion-forward feed is full of bright, electric colors that complement bold fashion choices. Together those colors convey a sense of confidence which is on point with her personal brand. Recommended Reading: How to Build Social Media Branding Guidelines to Make Your Brand Memorable 23. Choose One Filter and Stick With It Like we've already mentioned, consistency in your content is key to a successful Instagram feed. Another way to keep your feed consistent is picking one filter and sticking with it. If you have a design team at your disposal, you may not even need a filter. If you do decide to choose a filter the first thing that you need to do is determine the aesthetic of your brand. Do you want your photos to have more of a grunge feel or a light and airy feel? Using your branding guide, look for the keywords that describe your brand. Bundle them into a group of three and experiment with different filters to find the one that you and your team believe best convey's the intended aesthetic. 24. Include an Optimal Number of Hashtags Hashtags are a big part of Instagram's posts because it allows photos and video content to become searchable on the channel. Unlike Twitter, your Instagram post has a lot more room to breath, but that doesn't mean you should go hashtag happy on every post. Too much of something is not always a good thing. Our research found that 11 is the optimum number of hashtags that you should add to a post to help encourage people to interact with it: If you're struggling to figure out what types of hashtags to add to your post try a different mix of industry, branded and trending (when applicable) hashtags. Try using a mix of #hashtags in your #social #media posts.25. Experiment With Your Posting Times Ask anyone about the best times to post on Instagram, and you'll probably get a variety of answers from 2 in the morning to later in the evening around 5 pm. What if we told you it was all of them? Active hours for your audience will vary so experiment with your posting times to see when you can garner the most reactions. Our research suggests trying: 2 am. (Unless you like sleep in which case, sleep). Between 8 am and 9 am. After 5 pm. Recommended Reading: What 20 Studies Say About the Best Times to Post on Social Media 26. Utilize The Multi-Image Feature To Stand Out In A Crowd As of February 2017, Instagram added: "Instagram Albums" or the ability to upload more than one photo to a post. Why is adding more than one photo such a game changer? It allows your team to expand on your initial post to tell a more extensive story. DID YOU KNOW: You can schedule multi-image posts in ? Learn how here. A few examples that you could utilize Instagram Albums for are: New Product Launches Instead of trying to choose one perfect photo to showcase a new product now you can show multiple angles and even use cases. Check out this example from Nike:   The incredibly soft, springy, light and long-lasting Nike Epic React is here. Get it at Nike.com before it goes. #NikeReact A post shared by nike (@nike) on Feb 22, 2018 at 7:15am PST Event Recaps Using Instagram Albums can be a great way to recap an event your organization hosted or attended. Homecoming events are a great thing to recap in an album. Check out this example from Concordia College in Moorhead, Minn.: We had to shut down all of 8th street to fit all of the Cobber pride! ðŸÅ' ½Ã°Å¸â€˜  #cordmn #rollcobbs A post shared by Concordia College (@concordia_mn) on Sep 30, 2017 at 10:20am PDT Recommended Reading: https://.com/blog/instagram-marketing-strategy/ 27. Utilize Instagram Stories To Stand Out In The App Instagram Stories is the Snapchat copycat that launched on the platform a little more than a year ago. These short ten second videos are broadcasted right to the top of your fan's feed like this: Instagram Stories can be used in a variety of different ways like: Showing behind the scenes content. Showcasing culture moments for your organization. Live demonstrations of how to use your product. The best part is that Instagram Stories go straight to the top of the app and you can add as many photos and videos as you want without having to worry about spamming your followers. Here's a quick video that shows you how to use Instagram Stories: Pinterest Marketing Tips To Get Sh*t Done 28. Pin At The Best Times Like Twitter, Pinterest is overflowing with content. That constant stream of content can make it hard to stand out which is why posting your pins at the right time will help them gain traction. Our research has shown that the following times are the optimum   periods to publish pins: From 8–11 p.m. (There is a 9 p.m. peak!) Around 2–4 a.m. and from 2–4 p.m. And last but not least 1–3 p.m.Best times to Pin on #Pinterest is at 8–11 p.m., 2–4 a.m., 2–4 p.m., and at 1–3 p.m.29. Use  Long Visuals On Pinterest To Capture Your Audience's Attention The most successful image size for Pinterest images and graphics are  long visuals. Here are a few tips for visuals on Pinterest: Make sure you link to content on your blog or website so you can convert the traffic. Stick to using images that are 600 x 1102px. Make sure that the content you add to the pin is easy to read and digest. These need to be skimmable images after all. 30. Use Keywords In Your Pin Descriptions Pinterest is a heavy keyword site meaning that if you target keywords in your pin descriptions, your pin will surface when that particular keyword is searched. To start, consult your SEO content strategy. If you've centered your content around keywords that your audience is looking for you should already know the keywords to add to your content. Pull the top ten keywords that your audience searches for and start to create content descriptions with those keywords. It's easier to think of your pin descriptions as mini meta-descriptions. In our research, we found that descriptions that were about 215 characters performed best: 31. Pay Attention To What Is Trending On Pinterest To Bring In Traffic Utilizing trending topics on Pinterest can help give your pins a little extra boost. Click on the icon next to the search bar. Then trending topics will populate in the bar below: Although trending topics can be a great way to give your pins an extra boost, don't throw your pins into a trending topic unless it makes sense for it to be there. Let's face it; it would be weird if your blog infographic showed up in a list of maternity photos. 32. Link Your Pins Back To Your Website Linking your pins back to your website is important because without that backlink your audience can't find you. Sure they could Google you, but people are lazy (myself included). Make it easy to find you. You can check your Pins to make sure they lead back to a website page by hovering over your Pin. Scroll down to  Website: If the website link is blank, you need to place a URL link there. Press Save. This might seem like a small, time-consuming step, but it's important to do a comprehensive sweep through your pinned content to make sure your pins are directing traffic to your blog or content elsewhere on the web. 33. Promote Your Pins Let's say your content is producing a ton of traffic and more than half is coming from Pinterest. Wouldn't you want to boost that pin to gain even more traffic? Promoted pins are easy to use. To promote a pin go to the left-hand side of your Pinterest profile and click  Ads. You can select a variety of different ads depending on what you want your end goal to be: For this example, we're going to promote a pin that increases traffic. Click  Create Campaign: From there Pinterest will walk you through how to set up a pin including creating a target audience, choosing target keywords, setting ad spend and more: Finally, you'll select your pin, and your campaign will start running. Easy right? 34. Design Infographics That People Want To Read Infographics are the heart and soul of Pinterest. They're visually stimulating and highly informative which makes them a sharing goldmine. But, only if they're done correctly. There are seven steps that you need to follow in order to create Pinterest-worthy infographics: Recommended Reading: https://.com/blog/how-to-make-an-infographic/ Back To Table Of Contents Maximize Your Presence With These LinkedIn Marketing Tips 35. Make A Great First Impression With A Completed LinkedIn Profile Your business wants to make a substantial first impression on LinkedIn. People are searching for a solution, and they shouldn't have to go through the extra work of having to click to your website to find out more about you. So what does a completed profile look like? A Concise About Us Description Your "About Us" description needs to be concise enough to skim but thorough enough to answer the question "What do you do and what can you do for me?" List Need To Know Company Details The next and last part of your bio should include details like where your company is located, a web address and specialties that your organization works in: Recommended Reading:  https://.com/blog/linkedin-marketing-strategy/ 36. Build Traffic By Creating Your Own LinkedIn Group Creating a group is another way to build traffic on LinkedIn. To form your group, you must: Choose a niche and specialty category that you'd like to focus on. Write up your group description. Be sure to include the name of your target market and your group's category. Monitor and manage your group. You want your group to be a clean atmosphere for people in your industry to come and chat about what you all enjoy. That means keeping a steady stream of content so be prepared to throw in articles, white papers, podcast links and more those first few weeks to keep the discussion going. Beware of people who are sharing their content merely to get a few extra page views. If the content is relevant to the discussion, by all means, leave it in. However, you don't want other group members to get spammed by content so monitor your page daily if you can. 37. Always Share Engaging Content To Build Trust There are a bunch of things that go into writing engaging messages. Make sure you have these in mind when you're writing: Write about something your audience will enjoy. Get to the point. Share your content often. When you share content filled with actionable and helpful information you are building trust with your audience. ...the next step is to stay top of mind by sharing great content that delivers on-going value to your audience. - JoAnne Funch 38. Capture The Attention Of Your Audience With Images According to Neil Patel, attaching images to your content adds 98 comments. By capturing the attention of your audience, you're able to hook them into your content and engage with them. Here are LinkedIn's golden image rules: Do your images have a personal touch? Make sure your images are 531 px wide. 39. Post At The Best Times On LinkedIn We've found that LinkedIn posts receive the bulk of their likes, comments and reach potential within 2 hours of it's posting. To maximize that potential you need to post when your audience is online. When to post on LinkedIn for the most click-throughs: 5–6 p.m. 7–8 a.m. 12 p.m. Best times to post on LinkedIn are at 5–6 p.m., 7–8 a.m., and at 12 p.m. #Marketing40. Publish Content On LinkedIn Pulse To Get More Eyes On Your Content Publish posts to LinkedIn Pulse by pressing Publish a post. (You may republish things you've published elsewhere as long  as it is your original content that you own the rights to.) Add a headline: Once you publish your post, it will appear as a long-form post. Sharing posts on LinkedIn will help build you engage with your audience and direct traffic back to your blog by including  a strong CTA. After you finish writing your post, put your bio at the bottom and link back to your website. Back To Table Of Contents Now You're Ready To Build Traffic With Social Media Marketing Tips You now know the social media marketing tips it takes to build traffic to your blog, website,  and social media profiles. If you can take one of these 40 social media marketing tips and put it into practice, you've got what it takes to conquer the world when it comes to marketing on social media.

Law of European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Law of European Union - Essay Example Article 59 of the EC Treaty will also apply in this case, since the Government is proposing to restrict the production and distribution of rockets and mandate their sale only through certainly registered outlets. The purpose of allowing free movement of goods as set out in Article 2 of the EC Treaty is to establish a common market. According to Article 14 of the EC Treaty, the â€Å"internal market shall comprise an area without frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services, and capital is ensured in accordance with the principles of this Treaty.† Under this principle, the measures that could be equivalent to measures to impede the free functioning of the common market would include customs duties or discriminatory taxation systems, any quantitative restrictions on imports and exports or measures that are equivalent to the imposing of import and export restrictions. In the light of the above, the measures that are proposed by the UK include restrictions on imports of rockets and therefore constitute trade barriers to the common market. Similarly, the restrictions on purchasing, possessing or supplying rockets could also constitute similar barriers to trade and free movement of goods within the European Union and undermine the Common Market. The meaning of quantitative restrictions on the free movement of goods was defined in the case of Riseria Luigi3 where any measure that amounts to a â€Å"total or partial restraint† on imports or exports would constitute a restriction. On this basis, therefore, the imposition of regulations for rockets as per Section 2 of the proposed statute could in itself be viewed as a partial restriction on imports. Similarly, Section 3 has specifically included restrictions on individuals in importing rockets. One example that may be cited in this context is the case of Commission v Italy4 where a complete ban was mooted on pork products.

The Music of Bollywood Films Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

The Music of Bollywood Films - Assignment Example The Indian cinema is not a recent production, but it has got a long, and I must say successful history and the credit mainly also goes to the Bollywood heroines also, forthe Bollywood heroines, starting from early ’60 to the present, like from Devika Rani to Kareena Kapoor, Nadia to Ashweria Rai, all of them have been the dream girls of the Bollywood, and have played some certain archetypes.Archetypes basically mean a very typical Example of a certain thing or a person. The most common archetypes of the Bollywood may include The Tragedy Queen, who was always sad though out the film, and was singing heart touching songs, or may be working as a maid in the beginning of the film, but being the princess at the end. This just always reminds me the Cinderella story. Meena Kumari, Raakhi and Preety Zinta for of the latest actresses present a very good example of the tragedy queen. The Sex Kitten is another archetype of Bollywood, in which Zeenat, Mumtaz and Sharmila for the old actre sses and Ashweria, Katrina Kaif, Bipasha Basu, and Malika Shirawath are natural sex appeals to take the title of the sex kittens. There was another category of heroines, who always go out to prove that the girls are always better than the boys, they were described as Tomboys. In this kind of role, Kajol has played an unforgettable role in Kuch Kuch Hota Hai, and Kareena Kapoor in Jab We Met. Stereotypes mean a widely used and oversimplified idea about a specific type of person or a thing. As far as I analyze, the Bollywood stereotypes basically include the Religion specially Christianity, about Muslims, Hinduism itself and Sikhism also. After religion, the thing they most importantly include is the Region, for most of them are produced at places outside India. And according to another trend, they produce movies based on Ghosts also, which they call Bhoot. They are sometimes horror and

Uni 220 Syllabus Essay Example for Free

Uni 220 Syllabus Essay UNI220: Academic Refresher is a one-credit hour course designed to assist students in creating strategies for success in their academic lives. The unique course employs dynamic in-class activities, collaborative learning, supplemental instruction (SI), and journal writing which requires consistent re? ection and participation. The course is taught from an â€Å"organic perspective,† which is student/content centered. Students are the most important contributors to the educational environment. To enable the students and the instructor to have frequent and meaningful interaction with each other and with the group, class size is limited to 20 students per section. You will receive a letter grade for UNI 220, but no +/- will be granted JAMES LEWIS: E-mail: James. Lewis. [emailprotected] edu O? ce: UASB 127A O? ce Hours: Blackboard REQUIRED MATERIAL: †¢ eBook: †¢ Downing, Skip. On Course: Strategies for Creating Success in College and in Life. 6th Ed. Boston: Houghton Mi? in Company, 2011. †¢ IMPORTANT: The textbook required for this class is o? ered as a rentable eBook from www.CengageBrain. com. The On Course eBook includes features like highlighting, note taking, searching, printing, and mobile access. To purchase or rent the book: †¢ A. Copy and paste the following URL in your web browser: http://www. cengagebrain. com/shop/isbn/9781439082171 †¢ B. Make sure you are purchasing the eBook On Course (6th ed. ) written by Skip Downing. †¢ C. Add the digital eBook to your shopping cart and follow the purchase instructions. †¢ D. If you have any questions related to the eBook go to the Cengage support page: http://www. cengagebrain.com/shop/ Support. html †¢ A planner or personal calendar in paper form †¢ An ASU e-mail account and reliable internet access †¢ A 3-ring binder (1-1-1/2†) for all your course materials COURSE OBJECTIVES: Through their participation in this course, students will: †¢ Explore personal and academic strengths and barriers that impact success †¢ Identify and utilize university resources available to support success at ASU. †¢ Acquire and enhance academic skills necessary for success in the university. †¢ Discover ways to stay on course to meet academic goals. TOPICS COVERED: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Responsibility and choice/self-management Self-assessment Academic success strategies Mindset connections Procrastination Diagnosing barriers Creating networks Identifying patterns Embracing change UNI 220 Academic Refresher UNI 220: Academic Refresher ATTENDANCE: Because much of the learning in UNI 220 takes place via classroom activities and group interaction, attendance is taken at the beginning of every class and is an integral part of your UNI 220 grade. If you are not on time to class, you may be marked absent. Consistent with University standards, more than two absences may result in an ‘E’ (failing the course) on your transcript. At some point, if you choose to discontinue the course, you must drop the course o? cially. The instructor will not drop you. If your name appears on the roster at the end of the semester, but you have stopped coming to class, you will receive a grade that re? ects all missed work. STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES: †¢ Participate throughout every class meeting. †¢ Discussion is not only encouraged but necessary to facilitate a ful? lling classroom experience. Your active participation in classroom discussions is an integral part of your ? nal grade. Because engagement with campus resources is also a critical part of academics, students are able to earn up to half of their participation points (50 points) for completing one or more of the following: †¢ Attend the PASS program (10 points, freshmen only). †¢ Utilize a campus resource, provide proof of attendance, and complete the â€Å"Campus Resource Usage Form† found on the Blackboard. Examples of appropriate campus resources would be the Writing Center, tutoring, Supplemental Instruction (SI), the Financial Aid o? ce, the Career Services o? ce, etc. If you have questions about resources, please contact your instructor (10 points each). †¢ Attend meetings with the Success Team Leaders available through the Student Success Center. For more information about Success Team Leaders and/or to make an appointment, call (480) 965-9072 (5 points each). †¢ Turn in all out of class assignments at the beginning of class. †¢ No late assignments will be accepted; no exceptions. Plan ahead for last-minute emergencies, including printer and computer issues. Please note: all journal entries must be present in your ?nal portfolio in order for you to pass this course. †¢ Complete all in-class exercises in full and to the best of your ability. †¢ All activities and exercises will be graded on both e? ort and accuracy. †¢ Attend class. †¢ Notify the instructor before the class meets if you will be arriving late or leaving early, either of which may result in a deduction of points from your ? nal grade. It is the student’s responsibility to obtain any missed information, assignments and handouts from BlackBoard or from another student. †¢ Turn o? and put away all electronic devices. †¢ Unless otherwise instructed, you will not need any electronics for this course. All iPods, MP3 players, cell phones, mobile devices, and laptops should be turned o? and put away before class begins. Students who choose to use electronics during class will be asked to leave and will be marked absent for that class period. †¢ Regularly check email and Blackboard and participate fully in Facebook discussions. †¢ Please note: The syllabus and course outline are subject to change. You will need to regularly check your ASU email and/or Blackboard for updates and announcements. UNI 220: Academic Refresher. UNI 220: Academic Refresher †¢ Join the Facebook Group †¢ Students are required to join the course Facebook Group Page. †¢ It is a private group, so only members will be able to read posts and comments. †¢ Also, members of the group will not be able to see each others Facebook info, wall posts, etc. unless a â€Å"friend request† is accepted. †¢ First and foremost, this is a social space, but it’s also a great class resource. †¢ Students will often be able to answer your questions more quickly than I will, so use this group to socialize and ask general or speci? c questions relating to homework or lecture notes. †¢ Read and understand this entire syllabus. †¢ Students will be held responsible for knowing the information contained in this syllabus whether they have read it or not. FINAL LEARNING PORTFOLIO: You will keep all notes, invention work, homework, drafts, handouts, your journal, and anything else you produce for this class in a three-ring binder. This binder, along with a re? ective essay, will help demonstrate your understanding of the material, ability to apply material, and active engagement in your own learning process. Keep everything you produce throughout the semester for this course. JOURNAL GUIDELINES: †¢ All entries must be submitted on Blackboard †¢ Answer all questions/prompts thoroughly and thoughtfully. †¢ Copy the directions (the bold part) for each journal prompt. †¢ Be honest with yourself †¢ Be spontaneous and creative †¢ Most importantly, DIG DEEP and expand on your ideas †¢ Entries must be turned in on time for credit †¢ In order to pass this class, you must have all journal entries completed and printed for your portfolio on the day it is due__________. ASSIGNED WORK OUTSIDE OF CLASS: Additional work will be required outside of class. These assignments are due at the beginning of the assigned due date, no exceptions. Please plan ahead for any last minute emergencies (i. e. printer and computer issues). Late work will not be accepted, no exceptions. DISCUSSION/DEBATE GUIDELINES: Throughout the semester we will be discussing sensitive and controversial issues. Our discussions and debates will be conducted in a polite, civil, and respectful manner. While it is ? ne to disagree, do so in a respectful, polite manner. Any perceived attacks will not be tolerated. Failure to abide by these policies will result in a severe loss of points and a possible  withdrawal from the course. ACADEMIC ACCOMMODATIONS: If you need academic accommodations or special consideration of any kind to get the most out of this class, please let me know at the beginning of the course. If you have a disability and need a reasonable accommodation for equal access to education at ASU, please call Disability Resources for Students. The Disability Resource Center (DRC) is located in Matthews Center at the Tempe campus. Phone : (480) 9651234 or TDD : (480) 965-9000 E-mail : [emailprotected] edu. UNI 220: Academic Refresher UNI 220: Academic Refresher ACADEMIC INTEGRITY: You are expected to uphold the principles of academic integrity in all the work you do in this course. Students who engage in academic dishonesty (i. e. cheating, plagiarism, etc. ) will be withdrawn from the course and receive a failing grade. Plagiarism (the use of other peoples ideas or words without attribution) whether intentional or not, is immediate grounds for failure. Academic integrity is expected of every individual in the University. Students are responsible for all policies included in the college and student handbook, as well as this syllabus. See http://www. asu.edu/vpsa/studentlife/ for more information. Academic Integrity – It Matters! GRADING PROCEDURE: STUDENT RESPONSIBILITIES Participation Quizzes, Homework Journal Group Project Portfolio TOTAL PERCENT PERCENT 20% 15% 20% 25% 20% 100% 90-100 80-89. 99 70-79. 99 60-69. 99 0-59. 99 = = = = = A B C D F NOTE: IT MAY BE NECESSARY TO CHANGE ALL OR PART OF THIS SYLLABUS DURING THE COURSE OF THE SEMESTER. If one advances con? dently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to the live the life of which he imagines, he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours. Henry David Thoreau UNI 220: Academic Refresher.

Rev. Arthur Dimmesdales Character in Nathaniel Hawthornes Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Character of Arthur Dimmesdale in The Scarlet Letter      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Scarlet Letter is a story of characters that have to live and deal with the effects of sin in different ways.   Of these characters, the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale is the character portrayed as the most weak and unnoble. Despite this portrayal Dimmesdale was a stronger character than given credit for.   His unbelievable amount of control in his way of handling his burdens displays his great sense of strength and intellect.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We first see Dimmesdale portrayed as a nervous and sensitive individual. Despite his outer appearance, inside Dimmesdale is a very stable, strong person. Chapter Three states that he showed, à ¿nervous sensibility and a vast power of self restraint.à ¿Ã‚   While this seems to give Dimmesdale great strength, it is also his largest flaw.   His body refuses to do what his heart says is right. Dimmesdale instructs Hester to reveal the truth, but when she refuses he doesnà ¿t have the willpower to confess himself.   Therefore, his sin becomes even larger than hers, because while hers is an exposed sin.   He continues to lie to himself and his followers by keeping his secret hidden, so his is a concealed sin. Here Hawthorne shows us just how strong Dimmesdale actually is, by allowing him to hide his sin and bear the weight of it, he creates an extremely interesting and tremendously strong character.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The scaffold is the place that Dimmesdale shows the amount of pain and self-loathing he is truly capable of concealing.   He realizes that he is as much at fault for Hesterà ¿s torment as any common villager, if not even more so. Seven years prior, Hester stood in this place and took the punishment for both of them while he quietly stood aside and led people to believe that he also condemned her.   During those long seven years he made no move to lessen her load or his own.   Now Dimmesdale has had all that he can bear and lets out a yell that draws the attention of fellow villagers.   He curses himself for his silence and cowardice.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the scaffold in the chapter 23 the true sign of strength ids revealed.

General Problem of Manual System

History of Existing System Taytay campus was established in year 2008, they have a library but there have shortage in books. In that time the students are donating books in the library. To borrow a book from the library you need to register first. Librarian required you need to present an Identification card (National ID School) during presentation if the ID card you are required to fill up the form to register in the library, after registration in the Librarian you are free to select the books you want to borrow. Once you have chosen the books you are needed the Librarian get it.The Librarian keeps your Borrower Card and the logbook. Returning book, before on the stipulated date you, are required to return the book. On presenting the book, you will sign the logbook that you have returned the book and also state the date. Note: If you fail to return the book at stipulated date you may be fined and if you lost the book you will be pay. Users of Existing System Library System Library S ystem has involved: * Librarian * Students * Faculty Librarian – He/She maintain the arranging of books and the silentness of the Library. * Is a person who works professionally in a library and usually trained in Librarianship.Traditionally a Librarian is associated with collections of books. Library System 1. In borrowing a book. -need to sign-in to borrowers cards and sign-in to a logbook 2. In entering library -need to sign-in to logbook 3. In using Computer -need to sign-in to a logbook and give to Librarian your ID. Student – The users of the library. * He/She borrowed a books for research information Causes why students go to library * To get more information in their research * To research their lessons * To concentrate well in their activities Faculty – used library to research for more information.

Parental Care Essay

It cannot be denied that the development of the society has affected greater or less our lifestyles. Unfortunately, many parents have too little time and pay less attention to their children than in the past. Therefore, the inevitable result is that their kids will suffer. In the first place, people living in a modern world seem very busy with their work. They do not have time to look after their children, so they send children to school, where teachers are required to take responsibility for bringing up children instead of parents. Unfortunately, in some families, children only see their parents only in the evening. They do not have chance to talk or share thoughts and feelings together. According to a recent survey, a child who receives much attention from parents will perform better at school than a child who does not. For that matter, caring for children is necessary for their development. Besides, there are many other factors making parents concern less about their children. Indifference from parents can result from realizing that children are very bad-behaved, or being too disappointed when children get low marks at school. Seriously, in some cases, they hit children, losing the trust from them. Therefore, children are highly likely to commit crimes like robbery or be involved in drug trade. All things considered, I hold the view that children are less looked after by parents than in the past. It is my strong belief that parents should do something to secure a better life for their children.

How Does Baz Luhrmann Create Atmosphere in the Opening Sequence of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essays

How Does Baz Luhrmann Create Atmosphere in the Opening Sequence of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essays How Does Baz Luhrmann Create Atmosphere in the Opening Sequence of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Paper How Does Baz Luhrmann Create Atmosphere in the Opening Sequence of William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Paper Essay Topic: Film The opening sequence of a film is very important as it sets the tone for the rest of the film. Baz Luhrmann modernises Shakespeares 1595 classic tragic love story by using atmosphere such as the fonts he uses and the background music. The opening of a film introduces the director, and what his style is, it gives the director a chance to be creative and experiment with different sound effects and lighting. The first minute and a half of the film is the opening sequence. It gives you an idea of what genre it is going to be, Luhrmann creates his own category of Romantic drama, it shows you that its going to be a romance film because of the language it uses Star crossd lovers and drama by using take their lives, the opening sequence of this film shows the audience that its going to be action packed. Luhrmann uses guns and gang violence to connect with the audience and draw them in. You dont see Romeo or Juliet in the opening sequence of the film to build up the suspense, of how they will be introduced. The first scene we come to is a black screen with an old fashioned television this tells the audience that although its modern, they are still using old things to keep the essence of the play there. The black background suggests that its going to be quite a mysterious film with a lot of death in it because black is dark and when people mourn they wear black. The TV screen is snow screen and fuzzy which may suggest chaos and mayhem to some viewers. The second scene, the TV clicks on, Luhrmann presents the prologue as a news bulletin that gives the events a feeling of urgency of an on-the-spot news report. The news broadcaster has replaced Shakespeares chorus for a modern audience. The news broadcaster reading is diagetic sound because it is in the film, and if you were in the scene, you would hear it. The tone she speaks in is quite deep and serious, suggesting that something bad has happened. Luhrmann emphasizes the setting as the prologue ends, and you hear a rumble, this is non-diagetic sound because if you were in that scene, you wouldnt hear it, it is added in as a sound effect. The camera zooms forward to scenes of Verona, this is the third scene, this scene uses non-diagetic sound with the choral music which is in sync with the flashing and zooming camera movements and angles. It uses mainly non-diagetic sound; it has a camera zooming in sound as the camera actually zooms into an extreme close up of the Jesus statue. The modern font used represents the modern way Luhrmann has represented the classic play. The camera movements and camera angles used in this scene is a long shot which zooms into an extreme close up. The fourth scene is a close up of the Jesus statue, this is the second time we see this statue in the space of 30 seconds, and this suggests that things in the film are going to be quite rushed, showing that its going to be quite chaotic. The words In fair Verona makes it seem glamorous, but Luhrmann presents Verona as a modern city, dominated by scenes of urban violence. Again Luhrmann presents a chaotic urban world familiar to a 21st -century cinema audience. The fifth scene moves from the fourth scene by a camera zoom. It shows a crane shot, of the two familys skyscrapers, and the statue of Jesus in the middle of them, this shows that they both have one thing in common that joins them, their religion. The left skyscraper is the Capulets skyscraper, their logo is the head of a bear, bears are vicious animals and travel in packs, they will do anything to protect their cubs, this shows that the Capulet family is a very close family, and will do anything to protect each other, even if it means murder. On the left hand side of the Capulet skyscraper, is a block of apartments that look quite run-down, on the block, there is an advertisement for Montague. This shows that they are in competition, and in front of the apartment block, is a big billboard, the word Lamour is written in coca-cola font. Lamour is French for love. Verona beach is in Italy, but the film is set in America, and there is a French sign, this could be to do with the immigration to America at the time. On the right hand side of the Jesus statue is the Montague skyscraper, this is a lot more modern than the Capulet, and their logo is three hexagons, put together to look like a bees honeycomb, bees travel in swarms, and this shows that this family too is very close to one another, In front and just to the right of the skyscraper is an old building, there is an advertisement on it that says Capulet, this shows the rivalry between the two families. The Montague logo is a lot more modern than the Capulet; this is Baz Luhrmanns way of linking the old play, and the modern film together. The sixth scene is an extreme close-up of a Verona beach police car, the police car doesnt look like the police cars today so this shows us again, the play being brought into the film, not only through speech, but by using props that are associated with that time era. The camera movement is called tracking, this is where the camera follows or tracks the object, in this case a police car, and then switches to the next scene. Through all these scenes, the choral religious music is still played. The seventh scene is in three parts, the camera flashes quickly between three different images, the first is a picture of the two families, the second is the statue of Jesus, and the third is an image of the city, focusing on the two family skyscrapers. Camera angles used in this scene are crane shot, panning shot, and extreme close-up. The next scene is a crane shot of a police helicopter, standing in the open doorway of it, is a policeman in full body gear, and a gun in his hand. This shows even more violence. This scene uses diagetic sound by using the helicopter blades. The choral music is still playing throughout these scenes. The camera movement used in this scene is tracking, the camera is following the helicopter, and then again, it flicks to the next scene. This builds up tension in the scene by using the choral music; it is quite a high and dramatic sounding track so it goes with the theme of Romeo and Juliet. The ninth scene is a mid-shot and a crane shot, it shows a man being forced down onto a mattress by police officers, the mattress is grubby looking and dirty, and the floor around him is covered in rubbish, this shows that Verona beach is not a glamorous place, and is far from it. Some of the police officers have guns in their hands, and one of them pulls his handcuffs out. This creates a violent and disturbing atmosphere, not all of the people who live in Verona are a Montague or Capulet, so why dont they leave Verona? They might want to stay because of the atmosphere it creates, it thrills them, and everyday would be exciting. The next scene is the tenth, it uses a mid-shot of the family trees, which are faded in front of the skyscrapers, the family trees set on fire, and the choral music fades. The prologue that the news broadcaster read out is then repeated by a male narrator. When he says Take their life it is in an older fashioned font, thet looks like a crucifix This creates a religious atmosphere, leading us to believe that maybe religion is the only thing these families have in common, and religion is the only thing stopping them killing each other. This religious atmosphere tells us that the film will have a lot of quotes from the bible and a lot of Christian sayings. Luhrmann presents Verona as a modern city, dominated by scenes of urban violence. Aerial shots move across the cityscape as police cars and helicopters dart about, and casualties are scattered across the ground. Watching them is an enormous statue of Jesus, suggesting that the families are very religious; this is backed up by the choral religious music. These opening shots of a city divided by violence sets the scene and atmosphere for the eventual action of the film. The diagetic and non-diagetic sound, camera angles, camera movements and fast editing that Baz Luhrman uses creates a dramatic romantic atmosphere in the opening sequence. This dramatic opening draws in the more modern youths as an audience and builds up suspense for the action ahead.

The 4 SAT Sections What They Test and How to Do Well

The 4 SAT Sections What They Test and How to Do Well SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Whether you're actively preparing for theSAT or simply want tolearn more about the ubiquitous college entrance exam, it’s important youstart with the basics: how many sections are on the SAT? What are the names of the SAT sections? And what kinds of skills does each section measure? In this article, we answer all of your burning questions about theSAT sections. We'll begin bydiscussing how many sections are on the SAT as well ashow these sections differ from one another. Then, we’ll go over the different skills on which you'll be tested, giving youour experttips for combating each of the SAT test sections with confidence. Finally,we'll take a look at whether certain sections of the SAT are more important than others and what this meansfor you and your college applications. What Are the SAT Sections? The SAT (which was redesigned in 2016) consists offour sections: Reading Writing and Language Math (which consists oftwo subsections, No Calculator and Calculator) Essay (optional) Asthe College Board(the creator of the SAT) puts it, all sections of the SATwork together totest â€Å"what you learn in high school† and â€Å"what you need to succeed in college.† In other words, the goal of the SAT is to ensureyou possess the appropriate reading, writing, and math skills deemed necessary for success as a college student. Eachof theSAT test sectionsappearsonly once on the exam and varies in the number of questions it contains as well as inhow much time it allocates. The following table showcases some of the major features ofthe SAT test sections: Reading Writing and Language Math Essay (Optional) Order on Test 1st 2nd 3rd 4th # of Questions 52 44 58 (20 No Calculator, 38 Calculator) 1 Question Format Multiple choice Multiple choice Multiple choice, grid-ins Essay Time 65 mins 35 mins 80 mins (25 mins No Calculator, 55 mins Calculator) 50 mins Skills Tested Command of Evidence Words in Context Command of Evidence Words in Context Expression of Ideas Standard English Conventions Heart of Algebra Problem Solving and Data Analysis Passport to Advanced Math Additional Topics in Math Reading Analysis Writing Scoring Combined with Writing and Language for a total Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score on a scale of 200-800 Combined with Reading for a total Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score on a scale of 200-800 No Calculator and Calculator subsections are combined for a total Math score on a scale of 200-800 Three separate scores (Reading, Analysis, Writing), each on a scale of 2-8 According to this table, the longest section (in terms of both time and number of questions) is the Math section. This is because the Math section is composed oftwo subsections: a No Calculator section (which always comes first) and a Calculator section. While theNo Calculator section is fairly brief at only 25 minutes and 20 questions long, theCalculator section lasts for 55 minutes and contains a total of 38 questions. You may also notice a few keysimilarities between the Reading and Writing and Language sections. These two sections were specifically designed to test a couple of the same skills - namely Command of Evidence and Words in Context - in different ways. Thetwo sections also combine for an overall Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score out of 800 points, so they clearly have a lot in common with each other! Lastly,the above table highlights how all sections of the SAT (excluding the Essay) are predominantly multiple choice. Mostquestions on the SAT contain four answer choices from which you mustselect one answer. On the Math section, however, you will also face a handful ofgrid-in questionsfor which you must come up with your own answers and bubble them in using the numbers provided. Now that we've covered all of the fundamentals, let’s take a closer look at each of the four sections of the SAT. The SAT Reading Section The Reading section focuses onreading comprehension and understanding vocabulary in context. Each of the 52 questions in this section will bebased on a passage. You'll be given five passages in total: 1 passage on U.S. or world literature 2 passages on history/social studies 2 passages on science (which may include graphs and/or charts) On some areas of theReading section, you may be givena pair of related passages instead of a single passage. You may also encounter graphs, charts, orother forms of data representation. (Note that you will not have to use any math for these questions, though you willbe expected to know how to interpret the data provided.) As illuminated in the table above, the Reading section test two primary skills: Command of Evidence:your ability to find concrete evidence within the passage tosupport the author’s claims or answers to specific questions Words in Context: yourability to decipher the meanings of vocabulary words within the context of the passage, and yourability to understand how word choice influences the style and tone of atext As you take the Reading section of the SAT, you'll answer the following types of Reading questions: Big Picture Little Picture/Function Inference Vocabulary in Context Author Technique Evidence Support Data Interpretation Below, I describe each of these question types and then provide you withour besttips fordoing well on the SAT Reading section. SAT Reading Question Types Here are the different types of questions you'll encounter on the SAT Reading section. #1: Big Picture and Little Picture/Function These two Reading question typesare opposites: Big Picture questions focusonthe main point of a passage, whereas Little Picture (or Function)questions focus on the function ofspecific lines or sentences within a passage. Your job, then, is to use contextual evidenceto decipher either the author’s overall message or the function of a selected area of the text. Big Picture Little Picture/Function #2: Inference For this Reading question type, you must correctlyinterpret the meaning of a sentence, a group of sentences, or the entire passage. #3: Vocabulary in Context These Reading questions ask you about the meaning of a specific word or phrase within the passage. Thesewords and phrases may not alwaysappearto be difficult but will usually take on lesser-known alternative meanings. #4: Author Technique This type of Reading question requires you toanalyze the author’s stylistic choices in regards to tone, voice, perspective, etc. #5: Evidence Support For Evidence Support questions, you mustlocate contextualevidence for an answer to a previous question. (In other words, these questions are directly related to the questions that precede them.) To answer these questions, you mustidentify a particular line or group of lines from which you found theanswer to a question. #6: Data Interpretation A Data Interpretation questionrequires you to interpret data (usually in the form of a table, chart, or graph) and understand how it relates to the passage. Top 3 SAT Reading Tips Once you've familiarized yourself with all of theReading question types, it's time for you to employour top three tips for the SAT Reading section! #1: Practice Reading Passages Because the Reading section revolves solely around passages, it's critical you dedicate the bulk of your SAT Reading prep to working with SAT-esque passages. The best resources for passages similar to those you’ll encounter on the SAT areofficial SAT practice tests. These mock SAT tests created by the College Board offer a plethora ofrealistic Reading passages thatclosely mimic thestyle and form of the passages you'll be given on test day. In addition to official practice tests, you canalso use unofficial SAT Reading materials - as long as they containhigh-quality Reading passagessimilar to those on the SAT. Finally, it's a smart idea toread real-life texts, such as The New York Times, The Atlantic, and Psychology Today,from which SAT passages are often borrowed. This way you can familiarize yourself with the type of materials you'll see on test day. #2: Use Process of Elimination Process of elimination is an excellent strategy (and even one recommended by a perfect scorer!) that will aid you significantly on the Reading section. As we already know, each Reading question offersfour possible answer choices of which just one iscorrect. This means thatthe other three choices must contain clear signs indicating they’re incorrect.Some of the most commonreasons answer choices are eliminated are that they're: Too specific Too broad Too loosely connected to the overall purpose or message of the passage Remember, even a single word in an answer choice can make it incorrect,so look closely for any reason to eliminate a choice before deciding on the correct one. Be sure youavoid gettingcaught up in answer choices that sort of sound correct - if a choice doesn’t 100-percent answer the question or is ambiguous in any way, chances are it's wrong! #3: Study Vocabulary Sparingly Unlike the old (pre-2016) SAT, which often tested obscure vocabulary words in complete isolation, the new SAT only tests vocabulary knowledge within the context of passages. Additionally,current SAT vocabulary is only about medium difficulty, meaning many of the words testedare ones you've likely seen and may have even used before. (Woo hoo!) The challenging part of SAT vocabulary, however, isbeing able to identifylesser-known tertiary meanings of common words.What this means is, whileyou no longer need to dedicate hours upon hours tomemorizing thousands of vocabulary words,you do need to familiarize yourself with some of the rarermeanings of common words. Likewise, you should also know how to decipher a vocabulary word'smeaning based on how it's being used in apassage. These days, many SAT vocabulary words are similar to those on the ACT; thus, we recommend studying vocabulary with either our ACT list of 150 medium-level vocabulary words or Scholastic’s 100-word listfor the SAT/ACT. The SAT Writing and Language Section The Writing and Language section (often referred to as simply the â€Å"Writing section†) may looksimilar to the Reading section, but instead of measuring yourreading comprehension skills, this section measuresyour ability to identify and correct grammatical errors and stylistic weaknesses within passages. In other words, theWriting section is all about your proofreading and editing skills! Like the Reading section, the Writing section revolves entirely around passages. These passages cover a widearray of topics, including careers, history/social studies, science, and the humanities. Unlike Reading passages, however, all Writing passages are nonfiction, taking theform of narratives, arguments, and explanatory texts. Your primary mission on the Writing section is tocorrect (or leave as is, if no errors are present) words and sentences within these passages. For science-based passages containing charts or graphs, you may beasked to replace an incorrect sentence with a new sentence that more accurately reflects the data provided. The Writing and Language section measures the following skills: Command of Evidence Words in Context Expression of Ideas Standard English Conventions Below, I discuss each of these four question types and what they measure on the SAT Writing section. I then provide you with our top three tips for getting a great score on SAT Writing. SAT Writing and LanguageQuestion Types In this section, we examine the SAT Writing question types and look atexamples of how they'll appearon the SAT. #1: Command of Evidence These types of Writing questions focus primarily onthe big picture of a passage and usually ask you to provide evidence for why you are making a particular change. #2: Words in Context For these questions, you mustreplace a word or phrase with a more logical choice, or select â€Å"NO CHANGE† if the highlighted areais appropriate as is. #3: Expression of Ideas These questions require you to think about the various waysideas canbe expressed in words. More specifically, you mustrearrange, add, combine, or delete sentences to improve the overall flow of a passage. #4: Standard English Conventions For Standard English Conventions questions, you must correct incorrect words or phrases, so that they adhere to the basicrules of English grammar, punctuation, spelling, and capitalization. If the highlighted word or phrase is grammatically sound, selectâ€Å"NO CHANGE.† Top 3 SAT Writing and Language Tips Here areour toptips for getting the score you want on the SAT Writing section! #1: Master Common SAT Grammar and Punctuation Rules Nearly half of all SAT Writing questions focus on standard English conventions, so naturally you can’t expect to do well on SAT Writing if you haven’t mastered the basic rules of English grammar and usage! This doesn't mean you mustreview every single grammar rule in existence - just the ones most commonly tested on the SAT. For more details on what these rules are and how you can master them, check out our in-depth guides toSAT grammar and SAT punctuation. #2: Read Articles and Essays Because none of the Writing section's passages areworks offiction, your best bet is to readreal-life newspaper and magazine articles, persuasive texts, and essays. As you study, you'll use these texts to hone your editorial eye, identifyingtransitional words and connections in thought. You'll also want to examine how the author builds his or her argument or main point throughout the text. What evidence does he or she provide? Is it ultimately effective? Why or why not? There will be awide array of topics for Writing passages, so feel free to dig into a variety of texts. I recommend starting with major publications such as The New Yorker, The New York Times, The Atlantic, Wired, and Pyschology Today. #3: Hone Your Writing Skills To be a sharp editor, you must understand how to write well. And to write well, you mustlearn from the feedback on your own writing. Begin by noting any red marks on essays you turn in at school, making yourself aware of any errors you continuously make on your writing. If you’re confused about a mistake you've made, ask yourteacher to explain the mistakeand give youtips on how you can avoid making it again. As you write essays for school, make sure you're alsopaying attention to the structure of your arguments. Consider thesimple "hamburger" structure of essays: you've got yourintroduction (top bun), your evidence and supporting details (lettuce, tomato, and meat), and your conclusion (bottom bun). Knowing how to effectively structure your own essays should over time allow you to develop a keener understanding of how SAT passages are organized. The SAT Math Section Ontothe world of numbers! Unlike the English-centered Reading and Writing sections, the SAT Math section consists ofpractical, real-world math and measures the problem-solving abilities most usefulfor college-level coursework andfuture employment. The Math section comprises two subsections: Math No Calculator, for which you are not permitted to use a calculator Math Calculator, for which you may (but aren't required to) use a calculator The Math section is the only section on the SAT (excluding the Essay) to contain a non-multiple-choice question format called the grid-in. 22 percent of Math questions are grid-ins, so although it’s not the main question format on SAT Math, it’s crucial you understand how it works. The Math section tests you on the following concepts: Heart of Algebra Problem Solving and Data Analysis Passport to Advanced Math Additional Topics in Math Below, I describe each of these Math question types and give you expert tips for securing an excellent SAT Math score. SAT Math Question Types Here are the four types of Math questions you'll see on the SAT. #1:Heart of Algebra This content area constitutes thelargest focus of the SAT Math section, accounting for approximately one-third of all Math questions. Heart of Algebraquestions focus on (you guessed it!) algebra - primarily linear equations, systems of equations, inequalities, and absolute values. #2:Problem Solving and Data Analysis There are 17 Problem Solving and Data Analysis questions on the SAT. All of these questions are on the Math Calculator subsection (meaning you'll see none of these onthe No Calculator subsection). These questions focus on data interpretation (i.e., how to read charts, graphs, tables, etc.) as well as rates, ratios, percentages, linear and exponential relationships, and probability. #3:Passport to Advanced Math There are 16 Passport to Advanced Math questions on the SAT. These advanced questionstest your understanding of the structure of equations and expressions, including your ability torearrange and rewrite them. For these questions, you may be asked to solve a quadratic equation, create an exponential function,or manipulate polynomials. #4: Additional Topics in Math While 90 percent of the Math section deals with the three topics listed above, the last 10 percent targets what the College Board calls "Additional Topics in Math." This question type is basically a catch-all for any math concept that doesn’t fit neatly into the other three categories. Suchtopics predominantly deal withgeometry, trigonometry, and complex numbers. Top 3 SAT Math Tips Use our top tips below to get your best score ever on SAT Math! #1: Review Basic Math Concepts You can’t expect to score highly on the Math section if you’re not familiar with most or all of the basic math concepts being tested on the SAT. To get started, take a look at ourgiant stockpile of SAT Math resources you can use (for free!). This guidecontains links to several Math guides offering a solid overview of critical math concepts you should know for the SAT, including algebra, numbers, coordinate geometry, and plane and solid geometry. You can also check out our guide to the best SAT Math prep booksand browse your options for high-quality Math content review and practice. #2: Memorize Common Formulas Another tip is to memorize allcriticalSAT Math formulas you’ll need for test day. Doing this will allow you to solve many math problems that you can't solve without knowledge of a particular formula. But what about the reference diagram on the test? Do you really need to memorize formulas if you'll be given a list of them on the SAT? Although you may think memorizing these formulas is a waste of time, in realitymemorizing them willactuallysave you time on test day. Here are the formulas exactly as you'll see them on the SAT: By memorizing the formulas above, you won't need to constantly flipback to the diagram and will therefore be able to solve math problems more quickly. This will effectively give youmore time to put towardother math problems that are more challenging. However, there is one caveat:the 12 formulas on this reference diagram deal specifically with geometry, a topic whichmakes up a significantly small portion of the new SAT. So while it’s crucial you memorize these formulas, it’ll be far more advantageous for you to prioritize other major laws and formulas that will not be given to you on test day and are more likely to come up on the SAT. #3: Plug In Answers and Numbers Our final tip for SAT Math is a popular test-taking strategy: plugging in answers and numbers. In this strategy, if you’re faced with a math problem you’re unsure how to solve, you can attempt to solve it by either plugging in random numbers or plugging in answer choices one by one. Doing thiswill reveal which answer choice yields the correct result. Use the plug-in answer strategy for multiple-choice math questions that ask you to solve for a specific value. Always start with answer choice B or C,so you can determine whether to work your way up or down to get a higher or lower answer. For multiple-choice and grid-in questions you don’t understand, try plugging inyour own numbers (or sets of numbers) to see whether equations and inequalities hold truefor various values. Note that these strategies, though helpful, should generally only be used if you’re unsure how to solve a mathproblem using other methods, such assimplification and algebra. Ultimately, though,the SAT doesn’t care how you get an answer - just that it’s the correct one! So if you don't know what to do, get in there and plug away. The SAT Essay (Optional) The SAT Essay is an entirely writing-based section for which you must read a 650-750-word passage and thenwrite an essay analyzing how the author constructs his or her argument as well as how persuasive the argument is. Note that you are not being asked whether you agree or disagree with the argument. You are also not expected to write about your personal experiences (like how test takers were prompted todo on the old SAT). Unlike the other three SAT sections, the Essay is entirely optional. Whether you should take it depends on where you apply, as some colleges may require the Essay for admission. The Essay also uses a unique scoring system compared to those of the other SAT test sections. There are three components to the SAT Essay grade: Reading Analysis Writing For each of these components, two graders will assign you a score on a scale of 1-4. These two scores are then added together to give you total scores for each component(on a scale of 2-8). Thus, a perfect SAT Essay grade would be 8|8|8 (4s from both graders for each of the three rubrics). But what exactly do these three components measure? Below, I describe each of the SAT Essay gradesand introduce to you our top three tips for ensuring a high Essay score on test day. Skills Tested on the SAT Essay The three components of the SAT Essay grading rubric each measure a different skill in regards to your writing ability. Reading The Reading score highlights your overallunderstanding of the passage and how well you use appropriate textual evidence from the passage to construct your essay. Analysis The Analysis score shows how well you understand the construction of the author's argumentin terms of reasoning, style, and evidence. It also measuresyour ability to choose the most effective evidence from the passage to support your evaluation. Writing The Writing score revolves entirely around your ability to write. You will begiven a grade based on the strength of your thesis and on your essay's organization, focus, tone, style, and adherence to standard written English conventions. Top 3 SAT Essay Tips And now here are our expert SAT Essay tips to help you get the high score you deserve! #1: Learn the Types of Examples to Look for in Passages Before you take the exam, make sure you know all of the major types of examples you can look for in passages to use as support in your essay. The six types of evidence to be aware of are: Facts and statistics Anecdotes Counterarguments and counterclaims Explanation of evidence Vivid language Direct appeals to the reader For more information, check out our detailed guide on how to look for and use these pieces of evidence. As you write, besure you’re using the most relevant and effective support; you don’t need to use every example you find! #2: Read the Prompt First Although you'll likelybe tempted to get through the passage before attacking the prompt, reading the prompt first can lend you a big hand as it directly states what the author’s central claim is. Once you know what kind of argument you'll be dealing with, you can then read the entire passage, keeping an eye out for any evidence that supportsthis central claim and thinking of ways you caneffectively incorporate these pieces of evidence into your essay. As a reminder, your essay should focus on what techniques and evidence the authors uses to set up his or her argumentas well as how effective these techniquesare. #3: Write More Than 1 Page Though not explicitly stated on the SAT Essay rubric, your essay must be of a reasonable length (1+ pages) in order to merit a high score. This means anything less than a page is bound toguarantee youa low essay score, as the essay will very likely lack sufficient detail, evidence, and analysis. On test day, you’ll get four pages for writing (and one additional piece of scratch paper for planning and outlining your essay). Aim to use at least two pages for your essay.Anything longer is perfectly fine; however, just rememberit's ultimately better to produce asuccinct and focused essay instead of averbose or tangential one. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today! Are Certain SAT Sections More Important Than Others? Because the SAT has several sections, you may be wondering which (if any) are the most important in regards to scores. To start, the Essay is the least important of all SAT sections.This is because the essay is often optional for many colleges. Schools that don’t require the essay usually choose to do so because they feel other application factors, such as the personal statement, are better indicators of students’ writing abilities. But what about the SAT Reading, Writing, and Math sections? Which of these is the most important? Or are they allequally important? Generally speaking, the SAT Reading, Writing, and Math sections are all offairly equal importance. Most schools report SAT scores using the total score (a combination of the EBRW and Math scores), implying there isequal consideration of theReading, Writing, and Math sections. Furthermore, any school requiring the SAT will always require scores from the Reading, Writing, and Math sections, soall three of these sections are evidently essential for college admission (unlike the optional Essay). In spite of these trends,there may be cases in which one of the two scores (EBRW or Math)will hold slightly more weight than the other. For example, if you are applying to an engineering school like MIT, admissions committees maypay a little extra attention to your SAT Math score - the more relevant score to your program - and less to your EBRW score. In the end, it's best to think of both your EBRW and Math scores as being equally important, and your Essay score (if you took the essay) as being the least important. Key Takeaways for the SAT Sections The SAT is composed of four sections: Reading, Writing and Language, Math, and Essay (optional). These sections target an array of academic skills deemed necessary for college, from reading comprehension toproofreading to problem solving. To ultimately do well on the SAT, you must understand what each of the SAT sections measures, what each sections tests you on, and what approaches you can use to get the scores youwant. Althoughthe Essay isn’t a requirement for all colleges, thoserequiring SAT scores will often prefer applicants who have astrong set of EBRW (Reading and Writing) and Math scores, so always try to aim for a high total score! What’s Next? Want to learn more about the SAT? Take a look at our complete guide to what the SAT is and get tips on when to start studying and what resources you can use to get the scores you need for college! Thinking of taking the ACT, too? Start with our introduction to the ACT sections (coming soon) and then check outour guide to what a good ACT score isto learn how you can get a great ACT score. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: