Wind Energy Has Experienced A Positive Growth Globally

Wind energy has experienced a positive growth globally as an alternative source of energy (Thresher Robinson, 2008). Also, it has been used for supplying the deficiency energy needed after the other forms of energy. Globally through innovation and invention, the wind energy has been used as a safe energy. It’s forecasted that the wind energy in the future will supply a significant amount of energy that is required globally. Through technological advancements, this growth of the wind energy is forecasted to continue. Wind energy is harnessed through the use of wind turbines that are used for the production of the energy. The presence of areas in the world that experience strong winds, the wind energy can be harnessed easily through the†¦show more content†¦This will be of paramount important as it will help in improving the living standards of the population and future generations. As compared to the other parts of the world, Africa is found to have a shortage of ener gy as compared to the other countries in the world. Many countries in Africa lack the adequate resources necessary for harnessing the wind energy. Support from the first world countries, the World Bank, and the non-governmental organizations help to start the projects in assistance to the African countries (Monforti, 2011). Historically, wind energy was not used widely. The few individuals who invested in wind energy used it for a pump of water and posho-mills. This shows how the world has evolved with increasing requirement of energy. The initial production of energy that includes production using water, coal among other sources, the energy is not sufficient with new developments and inventions to the use of wind energy. When compared to hydro-electric energy, wind energy is not seasonal. In the arid and semi-arid areas, wind energy can be produced in large scale because of the lack of water that can be used for the production of hydro-electric energy. Hydro-electric energy may not be available at all times due to the change in climatic conditions. In both wet and dry periods, wind energy is always available as for the production requires high-velocity winds.Show MoreRelatedThe Allocation Of Funds Is An Ongoing Debate1673 Words   |  7 Pagesother areas of life? We compared spending in various countr ies to determine if there is a relationship between defense spending and growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Our research did confirm that there is a relationship between the two variables. The causality was either unidirectional or bidirectional. Defense spending either resulted in GDP growth, or GDP growth resulted in defense spending in fifty-four of the sixty-five countries reviewed. 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Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible Free Essays

The Salem Witch trials caused a lot of hysteria in history, during 1692. The town of Salem is located in Massachusetts. The hysteria was drawn from the beliefs of witches, witchcraft and black magic. We will write a custom essay sample on Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible or any similar topic only for you Order Now The topics of witches, witchcraft and black magic have been questioned for many centuries. These questions have been dated all the way back to B. C. times. There have been writings in The Bible about people saying that others have been seen performing witchcraft and are in need of being saved by God. There has been suspicion of witchcraft with the Egyptians, Native Americans, the Elizabethan Age, and Medieval times. Witchcraft and black magic can be described and seen in two ways. First, it can be looked upon as a religion of the ancient and traditional worships of the feminine, earthly, and amazing aspects of God which is considered a heresy. Secondly, it goes against the beliefs of the Christian Church. Witches and witchcraft are considered evil and are seen as making pacts, deals or connections with the Devil. It is not a coincidence that the first official witch trial took place in Massachusetts. A witch trial is when a person is accused of being a witch; they will then have to go to court to be testified to be seen guilty or innocent by a judge. This first witch trial happened in 1648, to a woman named Margaret Jones. The man who accused her was John Winthrop. He was governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony at the time. His reason for accusing Margaret of being a witch was because anyone who touched Margaret was taken with deafness, vomiting, sickness or pains. She was seen practicing physics, which women were not allowed to be learning about at the time. Also, anyone who she tried to help got worse and she foretold events that came true. The main reason why Winthrop accused her was because he was getting questioned about his authority by Margaret. Since she was a woman and was questioning him, he thought the best way to get rid of her was to send her to jail for being a â€Å"witch†. This became a common act used among many people in Salem to send the ones they hate to jail or even to death. The town of Salem is very small. Information and rumors can be spread around very quickly. This became a main factor of how hysteria started. There was a Native American who was a slave to the Parris family, her name was Tituba. She soon began to create a chain known as Tituba’s Circle. This circle was her way of spreading stories about the supernatural. She would perform and teach tricks, spells, voodoo and chants to young Puritan girls. In the Puritan religion it is forbidden to ever be practicing witchcraft. Two girls who were in this chain were Betty Parris, nine years old, and Abigail Williams, eleven years old. Abigail was Betty’s cousin and Tituba was Betty’s slave. The two girls all of a sudden started showing odd signs in their behaviors. 1) excruciating sensations of â€Å"pricking† or â€Å"pinching† (as by numberless pins and nails), also of â€Å"burning† (by invisible flames); (2)bizarre contortions of body parts: twisting, stretching, usual postures of extreme rigidity and limberness by turns; (3) frenzied motor activity: rolling on the ground, running about aimlessly, simulated â€Å"flying† and â€Å"diving†; occasional â€Å"barking† or other animal imitation; some impulse to injury or self or others; (4) periods of extreme immobility, amounting to paralysis; feelings of extraordinary pressure on the chest; (5) anorexia: more or less complete inhibitions of eating; (6) occasional forced consumption of invisible liquids when overpowered by the witch; (7) â€Å"frolicsome† intervals, mostly without pain; cavorting in a â€Å"ludicrous† way, babbling impertinent nonsense; insults and gestures of physical assault toward bystanders, friends, and family(Rice, 24) These conditions were rarely seen by doctors. There were no medicines to cure their behaviors, so they were diagnosed with witchcraft. They were thought to be under the hands of the devil. The girls received long periods of complete silence, lasting hours or days, to calm the girls down. Now a day with the knowledge of doctors, these behaviors can be diagnosed as anxiety and can possibly be caused by being sexually abused or beaten. Discrimination played a major part in the Salem Witch Trials. Most accusations were made upon old women. Betty and Abigail called upon two women, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne to be witches. They said that they were seen to be in company with the devil and were sending their spirits to hurt them. The town believed them because Sarah Good was 39 but looked the age of 70. She had long gray hair, a raspy voice, winkled face and was seen smoking a pipe a lot. She was married two times, her first husband died and her second husband became poor after their marriage. The town’s people believed she caused both of her marriages to fail. Sarah Osborne was 69, widowed and had not been to the Puritan church for three years. The first execution in Salem was to a woman of 71, Rebecca Nurse. She was a well-respected woman in the town and was also a devoted member of the Puritan church. She had acquired land from the Putnam family, but a rival over its ownership started to occur. Ann Putnam accused Rebecca of being a witch out of spite to get her family’s land back. This led Rebecca to be put on trial. At first, she was proven innocent, but then Ann Putnam said that Rebecca tried again to send her spirit out. This time Rebecca was found guilty. On July 19th she was hung. The people in the town were getting over paranoid. People were accusing others left and right. If someone was seen either mumbling to themselves, having an eccentric behavior, having a dispute with the Parris family, not going to church, going to a different church, speaking a different language, having connections to the previous Indian war, or expressing support for a recently accused witch then they were now being accused of witchcraft. Nineteen people were accused of witchcraft and were hung. They were hung at Gallows Hill from the month of June to August. Some of the ways people would try to get out of death for being accused as a witch were to flee Salem, accuse someone else, try to get pregnant or fake a pregnancy, confess even if innocent, plead innocent at trial or refuse to stand for a trial. Getting pregnant or faking a pregnancy would give someone a year to live to have the baby and hope that the hysteria would be over. The confession of being a witch even if innocent actually didn’t lead to death, just being sentenced to life in jail. The plead for innocence would be to hope that the judge would see you innocent. Out of the nineteen people hung, five of them were males. George Burroughs, John Willard, George Jacobs, John Proctor and Giles Corey were all convicted. The court was also getting out of hand and having inappropriate behavior. The men didn’t have the suspicion of being witches, like the woman. They went against the court to try and prove innocence for the accused and because of that they were convicted. Finally on October 3rd, Governor Phipps in a sermon to other ministers, showed evidence that the witch trials should end. The court was dissolved and was not allowed to have any more witch trials. Property of the accused was given back. Those who were already found guilty were pardoned. The remaining accused were tried and then found innocent. In Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible, there are many similarities to the Salem Witch Trials. The play is based on the people and the events of the Salem Witch Trials. The play shows how the town’s people were getting consumed by the thought of witchcraft. It displays how people were going behind each other’s backs to get revenge. It also demonstrates how the people acted in the court. Since The Crucible is a drama there are some parts that are not true. There was no incidence where a whole bunch of young girls were dancing in the woods. Abigail was not seventeen and did not have an affair with John Proctor. In conclusion, the hysteria during the Salem Witch Trials led to nineteen deaths. The want for revenge went to an extreme. Many innocent people were convicted without being properly heard, and their deaths came too soon. The Salem Witch Trials will never be forgotten or go unnoticed. They will forever be a reminder that no one will ever die again convicted as a witch in the United States. How to cite Salem Witch Trial and the Crucible, Essay examples

Division 8 Of The ITAA 1997 Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Division 8 Of The ITAA 1997. Answer: In conformity with the Division 8 of the ITAA 1997 a guiding principles has been laid down that has associations with deductions of outlay and losses (Coleman, Sadik, 2013). The division is helpful in assisting the difference between the normal deductions with reference to discussion that is made in Section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. The division further lay down the guidance with reference to the specific deductions that is made under Section 8-5 of the ITAA 1997 and a claim can be bought forward that deductions associated to the loss or outlay that has occurred concerning the; Generating any form of assessable income Outlay or expenses having associations with the business operations of the taxpayers To claim a particular type of deductions produced from the taxable income a taxpayer is offered with the opportunity of claiming such outlay with regard to Section 8-5 of the ITAA 1997 (Grange et al., 2014). From the current matter of Ram it has been found that the he had incurred expenses in the form of tax agent fees and solicitor fees that possess the feature of allowable deductions. In conformity with the Section 25-5 of the ITAA 1997 cost incurred at the time of management of tax affairs will be accounted as the deductions that are allowable. Hence, a taxpayer while filing for the tax return can bring forward the claim of gaining assessable deductions relating to the cost that has occurred at the time of accounting and fees from the tax agent (James, 2015). It is observed from the situation of Ram that he has incurred an expense on the solicitor fees for bringing forward the opposition against the assessment. With reference to the evidence that has been laid down under Para 11 of the Taxation Ruling 2011/5 a person can object on the cause of not being satisfied with the assessment of tax stated in Section 175A (1) of the ITAA 1936. As laid down under the Interpretive Decision 2002/814, it states the issues that is connected with the subject of allowable deductions for the expenses that originates from the disagreement of the legal oraccounting fees associated with tax authorities (Jover, 2014). With reference to the current case study of Ram, he can claim the permissible deductions of legal expense on solicitor fees andaccounting fees in respect to Section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. In conformity with Section 955-1 of the ITAA 1997 the definition of the term resident has been defined that explains a person to be regarded as inhabitant of Australia for the purpose of taxation (Kenny, 2013). In agreement with the Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997 the description of resident and the primary test involved in ascertaining the residency of the individual has been defined. Para 32 of the Taxation Ruling 98/17 defines that a individual will be regarded as the habitant of Australia which is in agreement with the Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997. In order to ascertain the residential status of the individual, a residency test is performed with reference to Section 6-1 of the ITAA 1997. The test is stated below; Residential status with respect to the ordinary concept Domicile Test 183 days test; and Superannuation test In the present context Tina is considered to be an overseas student that has come to Brisbane for the educational purpose and will be treated as the inhabitant of Australia with respect to the ordinary concept (Krever, 2013). An individual or a person is not regarded as the inhabitant of Australia with respect to the ordinary concept then the statutory test is applied in knowing the occupancy status. Therefore, on satisfying the conditions of the primary test an individual shall be considered as the occupant of Australia. As defined under the Domicile Act 1982 an individual having a permanent place of abode in Australia will be treated as the Australia resident for the purpose of tax (Morgan et al., 2013). Apart from this, the rule of 183 days test, defines that a person shall be treated as the Australian resident if the person has been present in Australia either on regular basis or in breaks. The superannuation test is simultaneously put into effect in order to know that an individual is an employee of the government of Australia working in an international; project. The law furthermore provides that an individual taxpayer would be treated as the inhabitant of Australia if an individual is enrolled in Australia university for educational course having a duration of no less than six months (Sadiq et al., 2014). As evident from the existing scenario of Tina, it is observed that she enrolled arrived in Brisbane for educational purpose with her period of stay was for more than 183 days. It can be concluded that Tina will be treated as the resident of Australia under section 995-1 of the ITAA 1997. Any individual being an occupant of Australia shall be taken into the considerations for the purpose of taxation in agreement with the Section 4-15 of the ITAA 1997 (Milton et al., 2013). From the given section there has been evidence that for an individual assessable income is derived by deducting the expenses that has been incurred and are allowed in the form of permissible deductions from the assessable income. From the given circumstances it is observed that assessable income has been defined under the section 6-5 of the ITAA as the ordinary income. As defined under section 6-10 of the ITAA 1997 incomes that does not falls under the theory of the ordinary concept are then regarded as the statutory income. It can be determined that Jimmy in the current situation has produced income from his employment from the restaurant and will be accounted as the ordinary income (Woellner, 2013). Therefore, it can be ascertained that such income produced by Jimmy will be liable for tax in confo rmity with the Section 6-5 of the ITAA 1997. It is also found that tips has been received by Jimmy that is given to him by customers visiting the restaurant and it is taken into the account as incentive because it has direct relation with the employment income. This will be considered in the assessable income for assessment purpose. In addition to this, Jimmy additionally received a gift of $250 is treated as the income that will be considered for assessment and will be included in his tax return (Woellner et al., 2014). It is must be understood that there certain income which is obligatory for the taxpayer to include in the assessable income since they form the part of the exempted income and are not included in the taxable income of the taxpayer under Section 6-20 of the ITAA 1997. For an individual taxpayer gift are not included in the taxable income but however receiving such kind of gift as the part of the business activity or it is derived from the revenue producing activity then will be included in the taxable income. In addition to this, gifts that are given by parents are not included in the taxable income in view of the fact that they are not connected with the income producing activity (Pinto, 2011). In conformity with the Taxation ruling TR 97/17 food and drink that is provided to the employee from the employer is treated as the meal entertainment will be included in the fringe benefit tax. From the above stated discussion it can be defined that the benefit that is offered to Jimmy from his company is accounted as the fringe benefit. The employer will also be entitled to bring forward the claim of the permissible deductions for the expenditure that is incurred by the workers. It is noteworthy to denote that the Jimmy produced taxable income from his employment and the benefit provided for food and meal will be included in the fringe benefit provided to him under employment from his employment. It can be concluded that the fringe benefit of the dinner provide to him be included in the taxable income. Below stated is the computation of the taxable income. An individual taxpayer in accordance with the Taxation Ruling of the TR 93/30 can bring forward the claim of the allowable deductions arising out of the home office spending. The ruling specifically lay down the following principles; When the portion of the home taken by the individual into the considerations relating to the personal educational purpose On circumstances when the portion of the home is understood as the place of business Any occurrence of deductions arising out repairs can be claimable under section 20-10 As it is understood from the Taxation Ruling of the TR 93/30 expenditure that is associated with the taxpayer home are in conformity with the above defined ruling will be accounted as the domestic or private character and will not be eligible as deductions at the time of computing the taxable income. Nonetheless, there is some kind of exceptions to such kind of rule where a fraction of the home that is put into the use for the purpose of the producing income and having the aspects of the business (Braithwaite, 2017). Considering such circumstances the occurrence of outlay of using home as office and incurring expenditure on rent, interest and repairs will be considered partially for deductions. In context of the above stated discussion the viewpoint has been supported in the Swinford v FC of T (1984) given that the part of house possessing the aspects of business character will be considered for acceptable deductions (Miller Oats, 2016). With reference to the above defined scenario, an argument can be put forward by stating that the spending can be allowed as permissible deductions relating to the expenditure that is occurred from the home office purpose. References Braithwaite, V. (Ed.). (2017).Taxing democracy: Understanding tax avoidance and evasion. Routledge. Coleman, C., Sadiq, K.Principles of taxation law 2013. Grange, J., Jover-Ledesma, G., Maydew, G.2014 principles of business taxation. James, M.Taxation of small businesses 2014/15. Jover-Ledesma, G. (2014).Principles of business taxation 2015. [Place of publication not identified]: Cch Incorporated. Kenny, P. (2013).Australian tax 2013. Chatswood, N.S.W.: LexisNexis Butterworths. Krever, R. (2013).Australian taxation law cases 2013. Pyrmont, N.S.W.: Thomson Reuters. Miller, A., Oats, L. (2016).Principles of international taxation. Bloomsbury Publishing. Morgan, A., Mortimer, C., Pinto, D. (2013).A practical introduction to Australian taxation law. North Ryde [N.S.W.]: CCH Australia. Pinto, D. (2011). State taxes. InAustralian Taxation Law(pp. 1763-1762). CCH Australia Limited. Sadiq, K., Coleman, C., Hanegbi, R., Jogarajan, S., Krever, R., Obst, W., Ting, A.Principles of taxation law 2014. The taxpayers' guide 2013 2014. (2013). Milton, Qld. Woellner, R. (2013).Australian taxation law 2012. North Ryde [N.S.W.]: CCH Australia. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C., Pinto, D.Australian taxation law 2014.

Organic Architecture Essays - Architecture, Wisconsin,

Organic Architecture Worldwide notoriety is a comment that would suggest Frank Lloyd Wright and the architecture that he left behind. This legendary American architect started a style of organic structures that remains a roadmap for the people of his genera today. His greatness not only remains by the buildings that he left behind, but through his school that he along with his wife started and his philosophy about designing. As a young child, Wright developed these characteristics that made him the artist that he was. At a young age in 1885, Wright's parents were unhappy with their marriage so they got a divorce (turner 400). A very unusual thing for that day and time, the divorce caused much pain for the family. Wright's mother dearly loved her only child and provided him with the characteristics necessary when approaching design with his philosophy. When asked if he knew what he wanted to be when he was younger, Wright responded by telling the man that his goal was to always be an architect ever since when at a young age he was given his first tinker toy building blocks. Even though some may chuckle at the validity of such a statement, Wright was serious and believed that through the little toys he was inspired to change a profession. As a young man, Wright studied engineering for only two terms at the University of Wisconsin. This was the beginning of the rest of his life as an architect. He earned a position as the chief draftsmen for the Adler Losing this job due to technical contracts that forbid him to sell his own drafts outside of the company. This was a blessing in a way because of the fact that Louis Sullivan was well respected and celebrated as an architect himself. Had Wright stayed he may have been shadowed under Sullivan. Being able to leave this shadow enabled him to create some of the greatest and most beautiful structures in the world. One of these, is the house built for the Kaufmanns family in Bear Run Pennsylvania. Properly called ?Falling Water? the structure rests in the middle of the woods right on top of a stream. The amazing thing about the way that this structure was designed is that although it rests in the middle of a wooded area, the enormous house looks and feels like it belongs. Just as the large expanse of rock that the structure sits on was worn away by the water over hundreds of years, the house too by design looks to have been their for milleniums and just happened to wear away out of the earth. Through the colors and material that was used on the construction of this habitat there is no sense of out of place to go along with this house. This house fits the philosophy of the great Wright. In architecture, it was Wright's vision to create everything so that it went well with the natural surroundings. He called this organic architecture. This was the basis by which all of his work was done. So many people wanted to be taught in this fashion of creating things, and Wright wanted to learn from others. From this, he created the Taliesin Fellowship. Out in the desert, a group of apprentices and he collaborated and learned from each other along with constructing all of the buildings by themselves and growing food. This institution became a community of all people with the same passion as Frank Lloyd Wright. In 1959 the aged Wright passed away at the Taliesin Fellowship headquarters. Although this was the end for the man, the reputation lives on and continues to astonish and amaze the world of architecture.